Shang W J, Pan X P, Ye J L
Department of Information Management, National Center for Women and Children's Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100081, China.
Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi. 2020 Oct 10;41(10):1710-1716. doi: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112338-20200220-00136.
To analyze the level and trend of low birth weight mortality in children under 1 year old in China from 2004 to 2018. The published Data Set of National Mortality Surveillance from 2004 to 2018 was used to analyze the low birth weight mortality rate, constituent ratio and changing trend in boys and girls, in urban area and rural area and in different regions in China. The Joinpoint regression model fitted by the weighted least square method was used to analyze the time variation trend and calculate the annual percentage change (APC), the average annual percentage change (AAPC) and their 95 confidence intervals in each time period. From 2004 to 2018, the low birth weight mortality rate in children under 1 year old in China showed a decreasing trend with an AAPC of -8.0 (95: -10.6 --5.4). The differences between boys and girls, between urban area and rural area and among different regions gradually reduced. From 2004 to 2018, the constituent ratio of low birth weight mortality showed an increasing trend with an AAPC of 1.6 (95: 0.13.2). The mortality rate in urban area (38.74 per 100 000) was higher than that in rural area (30.44 per 100 000). The annual average declining speed of low birth weight mortality rate in urban area (AAPC=-3.4, 95: -7.0-0.3) was slower than that in rural area (AAPC=-9.3, 95: -12.0 --6.6). The low birth weight mortality rate of boys (36.25 per 100 000) was higher than that of girls (28.22 per 100 000). The low birth weight mortality constituent ratio in western region showed an increasing trend, its average annual percentage change (AAPC=3.2, 95: 1.7-4.8) increased faster than that of the eastern region (AAPC=-0.5, 95: -2.3-1.4). In urban and rural areas and different regions, the rate of low birth weight mortality in boys was higher than that in girls. From 2004 to 2018, the mortality rate of low birth weight in children under 1 year old showed a downward trend, and the constituent ratio showed an upward trend. Boys and children living in central and western regions should be the key population for maternal and child health care.
分析2004年至2018年中国1岁以下儿童低出生体重死亡率的水平及变化趋势。利用2004年至2018年已发布的全国死亡监测数据集，分析中国男、女，城市和农村以及不同地区低出生体重死亡率、构成比及变化趋势。采用加权最小二乘法拟合的Joinpoint回归模型分析时间变化趋势，并计算各时间段的年度百分比变化（APC）、平均年度百分比变化（AAPC）及其95%置信区间。2004年至2018年，中国1岁以下儿童低出生体重死亡率呈下降趋势，AAPC为-8.0（95%：-10.6至-5.4）。男、女之间，城市和农村之间以及不同地区之间的差异逐渐缩小。2004年至2018年，低出生体重死亡构成比呈上升趋势，AAPC为1.6（95%：0.1至3.2）。城市地区死亡率（每10万例38.74例）高于农村地区（每10万例30.44例）。城市地区低出生体重死亡率的年平均下降速度（AAPC=-3.4，95%：-7.0至-0.3）慢于农村地区（AAPC=-9.3，95%：-12.0至-6.6）。男童低出生体重死亡率（每10万例36.25例）高于女童（每10万例28.22例）。西部地区低出生体重死亡构成比呈上升趋势，其平均年度百分比变化（AAPC=3.2，95%：1.7至4.8）高于东部地区（AAPC=-0.5，95%：-2.3至1.4）。在城市和农村以及不同地区，男童低出生体重死亡率均高于女童。2004年至2018年，1岁以下儿童低出生体重死亡率呈下降趋势，构成比呈上升趋势。男孩以及生活在中西部地区的儿童应作为妇幼保健的重点人群。
