Yu Si, Huang Menglin, Wang Jingyu, Zheng Yongchang, Xu Haifeng
Department of Liver Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
Department of Liver Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
Curr Mol Med. 2021;21(7):596-606. doi: 10.2174/1573405616666201209103154.
Wide exploration of noninvasive tumor/cancer biomarkers has shed light on clinical diagnosis. However, many under-investigated biomarkers showed limited application potency due to low sensitivity and specificity, while extracellular vehicles (EVs) were gradually recognized as promising candidates. EVs are small vesicles transporting bioactive cargos between cells in multiple physiological processes and also in tumor/cancer pathogenesis. This review aimed to offer recent studies of EVs on structure, classification, physiological functions, as well as changes in tumor initiation and progression. Furthermore, we focused on advances of EVs and/or EV-related substances in cancer diagnosis, and summarized ongoing studies of promising candidates for future investigations.
对非侵入性肿瘤生物标志物的广泛探索为临床诊断带来了曙光。然而，许多研究不足的生物标志物由于敏感性和特异性较低，其应用潜力有限，而细胞外囊泡（EVs）逐渐被认为是有前景的候选者。EVs是在多种生理过程以及肿瘤发病机制中在细胞间运输生物活性物质的小囊泡。本综述旨在介绍EVs在结构、分类、生理功能以及肿瘤发生和进展过程中的变化方面的最新研究。此外，我们关注了EVs和/或与EV相关物质在癌症诊断方面的进展，并总结了目前对有前景的候选物的研究，以供未来进一步探究。
