痴呆症患者的康复：一项多方法研究，探讨知识和态度。
Rehabilitation for people with dementia: a multi-method study examining knowledge and attitudes.
机构信息
Flinders Health and Medical Research Institute, Flinders University, GPO Box 2100, Adelaide, SA, 5001, Australia.
Faculty of Medicine & Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
出版信息
BMC Geriatr. 2020 Dec 9;20(1):531. doi: 10.1186/s12877-020-01940-x.
BACKGROUND
People with dementia are not routinely offered rehabilitation services despite experiencing disability associated with the condition and accumulating evidence for therapies such as exercise, occupational therapy, and cognitive or physical rehabilitation. It is important to understand the needs and preferences of people with dementia regarding rehabilitation services. The aim of this study was to explore thoughts and beliefs about rehabilitation amongst people with dementia and their families.
METHODS
Interviews with people with dementia and family members regarding their experience of care following diagnosis and their attitudes and beliefs about rehabilitation for dementia. Surveys with older people with cognitive impairment and/or a diagnosis of dementia to determine preferences for services and understanding of rehabilitation programs.
RESULTS
Interviews with 13 participants (n = 6 people living with dementia with mean age 60 and n = 7 care partners) revealed gaps in care post diagnosis. People reported having to seek out services and frequently sought out services which were rehabilitative in nature. Survey data (n = 91 participants, average age 82) showed that most people had heard of rehabilitation (92%) or had experience of rehabilitation (49%) at some point. There was a wide range of services identified as being beneficial. Rehabilitative interventions including case management, exercise and memory strategies were considered desirable.
CONCLUSIONS
People with dementia report having a wide variety of needs. There are gaps following diagnosis where people with dementia report having to seek out their own services. Some interview participants (who tended to be younger) clearly articulated the need for tailored interventions which maximised independence and quality of life. Survey participants, who were on average older, reported that they would participate in individually applicable rehabilitative therapies if they were available.
背景
尽管痴呆症患者会出现与该疾病相关的残疾，并积累了有关运动、职业疗法、认知或身体康复等疗法的证据，但他们通常无法获得康复服务。了解痴呆症患者对康复服务的需求和偏好非常重要。本研究旨在探讨痴呆症患者及其家属对康复服务的想法和信念。
方法
对痴呆症患者及其家属进行访谈，了解他们在诊断后的护理经历，以及他们对痴呆症康复的态度和信念。对认知障碍或痴呆症的老年人进行调查，以确定他们对服务的偏好和对康复计划的理解。
结果
对 13 名参与者（n=6 名生活在痴呆症中的人，平均年龄 60 岁，n=7 名护理伙伴）进行了访谈，结果显示诊断后存在护理差距。人们报告说他们不得不寻求服务，并且经常寻求康复性质的服务。调查数据（n=91 名参与者，平均年龄 82 岁）显示，大多数人听说过康复（92%）或在某个时候有过康复经历（49%）。人们确定了许多有益的服务。包括病例管理、运动和记忆策略在内的康复干预措施被认为是可取的。
结论
痴呆症患者报告有各种各样的需求。在诊断后存在差距，痴呆症患者报告不得不寻找自己的服务。一些访谈参与者（往往更年轻）明确表达了对量身定制的干预措施的需求，这些措施最大限度地提高了独立性和生活质量。调查参与者平均年龄较大，如果有适用的个性化康复治疗，他们表示愿意参加。
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