Department of Urology, IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, University of Milan, Via Commenda 15, 20100, Milan, Italy.
Department of Urology, Manzoni Hospital, Lecco, Italy.
BMC Nephrol. 2020 Dec 9;21(1):535. doi: 10.1186/s12882-020-02193-x.
An increase of the frequency of uric acid urinary stones compared to calcium-containing ones has been recently described. This study was aimed at assessing the frequency of different types of urinary stones in the population of northern Italy in the period 2016-18 compared to 2001-2003.
Analyses by infrared spectroscopy of 1007 stones endoscopically removed at two institutions in the area of Milan (Northern Italy) were retrospectively considered. Stones were classified as calcium oxalate monohydrate (COM) and dihydrate (COD), mixed uric acid/calcium oxalate (UC); uric acid (UA), struvite (ST); apatite (CAP); mixed calcium oxalate / apatite (CAPOX); others. The patients were divided into two groups: 2001-2003 and 2016-2018. The average temperature values of the region over the two time periods were obtained by the national statistical institute.
The average age of the 2001-2003 group (45.8+/- 15.4 years) was significantly lower than the average age of the 2016-18 group (57.9+/- 14.8) (0.000). M / F ratio was similar in the two groups: 119 / 69 (1,0.58) in 2001-2003 and 527 / 292 (1,0.55) in 2016-18 (p = 0.862). COM stones tended to more frequent in 2016-18 group than in 2001-03. COD stones were significantly more frequent in 2001-03 than in 2016-18. ST stone frequency was increased from 2001 to 03 to 2016-18. No increase of uric acid containing stones was observed in 2016-18. Results were confirmed after adjustment by age. Averages annual regional temperatures increased from 14 °C to 15.4 °C during the two observation periods.
No increase of UA stones was observed, probably due to the limited impact of the global warming in our temperate climate.
最近有报道称，尿酸尿结石的频率比含钙尿结石的频率有所增加。本研究旨在评估 2016-18 年与 2001-2003 年意大利北部地区人群中不同类型尿结石的频率。
回顾性分析米兰地区（意大利北部）两家机构内镜下取出的 1007 个结石的红外光谱分析结果。结石分为一水合草酸钙（COM）和二水合草酸钙（COD）、尿酸/草酸钙混合（UC）；尿酸（UA）、鸟粪石（ST）、磷灰石（CAP）、草酸钙/磷灰石混合（CAPOX）；其他。将患者分为两组：2001-2003 年和 2016-2018 年。通过国家统计局获得两个时期该地区的平均温度值。
2001-2003 组的平均年龄（45.8+/-15.4 岁）明显低于 2016-18 组的平均年龄（57.9+/-14.8）（0.000）。两组 M/F 比值相似：2001-2003 年 119/69（1,0.58），2016-18 年 527/292（1,0.55）（p=0.862）。COM 结石在 2016-18 组比在 2001-03 组更常见。COD 结石在 2001-03 组明显多于 2016-18 组。ST 结石的频率从 2001 年到 03 年增加到 2016-18 年。2016-18 年未观察到含尿酸结石增加。调整年龄后结果得到证实。两个观察期内，平均年区域温度从 14°C 上升到 15.4°C。
未观察到 UA 结石增加，可能是由于全球变暖对我们温带气候的影响有限。
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