36074名南非金融部门员工中非传染性疾病风险因素的高流行率：一项横断面研究。
High Prevalence of Non-Communicable Diseases Risk Factors in 36,074 South African Financial Sector Employees: A Cross-Sectional Study.
作者信息
Hene Nceba, Wood Paola, Schwellnus Martin, Jordaan Esme, Laubscher Ria
机构信息
Sport, Exercise Medicine and Lifestyle Institute (SEMLI) and Division of Biokinetics and Sports Science, Department of Physiology (Mr Hene, Mr Wood); Sport, Exercise Medicine and Lifestyle Institute (SEMLI) (Dr Schwellnus), Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria; International Olympic Committee (IOC) Research Centre (Dr Schwellnus); Biostatistics Unit, South African Medical Research Council (Ms Jordaan, Ms Laubscher); Statistics and Population Studies Department, University of the Western Cape (Ms Jordaan), South Africa.
出版信息
J Occup Environ Med. 2021 Feb 1;63(2):159-165. doi: 10.1097/JOM.0000000000002104.
OBJECTIVE
To determine the prevalence of non-communicable disease (NCD) risk factors, total NCD risk category and 10-year risk for cardiovascular diseases (CVD) in financial sector employees.
METHODS
This descriptive observational cross-sectional analysis, data from 36,074 employees was analysed. NCD risk factor data was obtained from health risk assessments that included a questionnaire and clinical measures. The 10-year risk for CVD was calculated using the Framingham non-laboratory based equation.
RESULTS
Inadequate fruit and vegetable intake (89.3%), insufficient physical activity (77.4%), and being overweight (66.8%) were the most prevalent risk factors. Women had significantly higher prevalence ratios for central obesity (2.28; P < 0.001), insufficient physical activity (1.21; P < 0.001), hypercholesterolaemia (1.15; P < 0.001), and overweight (1.08; P < 0.001) compared with men.
CONCLUSION
A more concerted effort is required to provide employees with appropriate tools and education at the workplace to decrease and manage NCDs.
目的
确定金融行业员工中非传染性疾病（NCD）风险因素的流行情况、非传染性疾病总体风险类别以及心血管疾病（CVD）的10年风险。
方法
进行了这项描述性观察性横断面分析，分析了36,074名员工的数据。非传染性疾病风险因素数据来自健康风险评估，其中包括一份问卷和临床测量。使用基于弗雷明汉姆非实验室的方程计算心血管疾病的10年风险。
结果
水果和蔬菜摄入量不足（89.3%）、身体活动不足（77.4%）和超重（66.8%）是最普遍的风险因素。与男性相比，女性在中心性肥胖（2.28；P<0.001）、身体活动不足（1.21；P<0.001）、高胆固醇血症（1.15；P<0.001）和超重（1.08；P<0.001）方面的患病率显著更高。
结论
需要做出更协调一致的努力，在工作场所为员工提供适当的工具和教育，以减少和管理非传染性疾病。
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