Rheumatology Department, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de A Coruña, As Xubias 84, 15006, A Coruña, Spain.
Rheumatology, Hospital Universitario Severo Ochoa, Madrid, Spain.
Sci Rep. 2020 Dec 9;10(1):21551. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-76511-6.
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) prevalence is believed to be around 1% worldwide, although it varies considerably among different populations. The aim of EPISER2016 study was to estimate the prevalence of RA in the general adult population in Spain. We designed a population-based cross-sectional study. A national survey was conducted between November 2016 and October 2017 involving a probabilistic sample from the general population aged 20 years or older. Subjects were randomly selected for phone screening using a computer-assisted telephone interviewer system. Positive RA screening results were evaluated by a rheumatologist. Cases fulfilled the 1987 ACR and/or the 2010 ACR/EULAR criteria; previous diagnosis established by a rheumatologist and clearly identified in medical records were also accepted regardless of the criteria used. Prevalence estimates with 95% CI were calculated taking into account the design of the sample (weighting based on age, sex, and geographic origin using as a reference the distribution of the population in Spain). 4916 subjects participated in the study and 39 RA cases were confirmed. RA estimated prevalence was 0.82% (95% CI 0.59-1.15). Mean age of RA cases was 60.48 (14.85) years, they were more frequently women (61.5%), from urban areas (74.4%), non-smokers (43.6%), and with a high body mass index (53.8% with overweight). Extrapolating to the population in Spain (approximately 37 million are ≥ 20 years old), it was estimated that there were between 220,000 and 430,000 people aged 20 years or older with RA. No undiagnosed cases were detected, which could be related to the establishment of early arthritis clinics around the country, increasing the rates of diagnosis during early phases of RA.
类风湿关节炎（RA）的全球患病率约为 1%，但在不同人群中差异很大。EPISER2016 研究的目的是估计西班牙普通成年人群中 RA 的患病率。我们设计了一项基于人群的横断面研究。这项全国性调查于 2016 年 11 月至 2017 年 10 月期间进行，涉及年龄在 20 岁及以上的普通人群的概率抽样。采用计算机辅助电话访谈系统对受试者进行随机电话筛选。阳性 RA 筛查结果由风湿病学家进行评估。病例符合 1987 年 ACR 和/或 2010 年 ACR/EULAR 标准；以前由风湿病学家诊断并在病历中明确记录的病例也被接受，无论使用何种标准。考虑到样本设计（根据年龄、性别和地理来源进行加权，以西班牙人口分布为参考），计算了具有 95%CI 的患病率估计值。4916 名受试者参加了研究，确诊了 39 例 RA。RA 的估计患病率为 0.82%（95%CI 0.59-1.15）。RA 病例的平均年龄为 60.48（14.85）岁，他们更多是女性（61.5%），来自城市地区（74.4%），不吸烟（43.6%），且体重指数较高（53.8%超重）。外推至西班牙人口（约 3700 万人年龄在 20 岁及以上），估计有 22 万至 43 万人年龄在 20 岁及以上患有 RA。未发现未确诊病例，这可能与全国关节炎早期诊所的建立有关，这增加了 RA 早期阶段的诊断率。
