Carmona L, Villaverde V, Hernández-García C, Ballina J, Gabriel R, Laffon A
Research Unit, Hospital de la Princesa, Diego de Léon, 62, 28006 Madrid, Spain.
Rheumatology (Oxford). 2002 Jan;41(1):88-95. doi: 10.1093/rheumatology/41.1.88.
To estimate the prevalence of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in the adult Spanish population and to assess its distribution by basic sociodemographic characteristics.
Two thousand nine hundred and ninety-eight adults were selected randomly from the censuses of 20 municipalities. Trained rheumatologists administered a structured interview that included a screening questionnaire for RA. Subjects with a positive screening result were examined according to a standardized protocol. Cases were defined by the 1987 American College of Rheumatology (ACR) criteria adapted to epidemiological surveys.
One hundred and eighty-six persons (8.5%) had a positive screening result for RA and 11 of these fulfilled the ACR criteria for RA. The estimated prevalence was 0.5% (95% confidence interval 0.25-0.85). The ratios of women to men and of urban to rural were both 4:1. Function and health perception of the cases were significantly impaired, even after controlling for age and sex.
The prevalence of RA in Spain is comparable to that in other Mediterranean countries. RA may be less frequent in rural settings, a finding that merits further research. A significant proportion of RA cases in the community remain undiagnosed despite impaired functional status.
评估西班牙成年人群中类风湿关节炎（RA）的患病率，并根据基本社会人口学特征评估其分布情况。
从20个城市的人口普查中随机选取2998名成年人。训练有素的风湿病学家进行了结构化访谈，其中包括RA筛查问卷。筛查结果呈阳性的受试者按照标准化方案进行检查。病例根据适用于流行病学调查的1987年美国风湿病学会（ACR）标准定义。
186人（8.5%）RA筛查结果呈阳性，其中11人符合RA的ACR标准。估计患病率为0.5%（95%置信区间0.25 - 0.85）。女性与男性以及城市与农村的比例均为4:1。即使在控制年龄和性别后，病例的功能和健康认知仍受到显著损害。
西班牙RA的患病率与其他地中海国家相当。RA在农村地区可能较少见，这一发现值得进一步研究。尽管功能状态受损，但社区中仍有相当比例的RA病例未被诊断。
