Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak - 124001, Haryana, India.
Vaish Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Rohtak-124001, Haryana, India.
Recent Pat Nanotechnol. 2021;15(4):331-350. doi: 10.2174/1872210514999201209214011.
Acne is one of the most infectious diseases related to human skin. This disease of acne is of higher prevalence in adults. The main causative organism involved in the acne vulgaris is Propionibacterium acne, which leads to sebum production and follicular hyperkeratinization.
The scientific data shows inflammatory mediators of genetic factors, stress, physiological factor, androgens and hormonal changes; all these factors play a major part in the pathophysiology of acne. Several drugs are currently available for the treatment of Acne like bactericidal, antibiotic and several others which are directly or indirectly involved in the eradication of acne.
Nanocarrier systems including liposomes, niosomes, microsponges, nano-emulsion and micro-emulsion, microspheres and solid lipid nanoparticles have emerged as a successful treatment for acne. In this article, the authors have laid special emphasis on these nanocarriers and the study of various patents based on novel technologies in this field. The entrapment of the anti-acne drug molecule into a particular nanocarrier system has been shown to enhance patient compliance and reduction in side-effects.
The present review article provides an overview of the mechanism, advantages, drawbacks and various patents associated with the nanocarrier systems involved in acne treatment. Some state of the art patented and novel technologies such as stem cell secretion technology, sol-gel technology incorporating microcapsules and ultrasound delivery of nanoparticles for acne treatment, are also briefly discussed. The patent study on these nanocarriers was done through the worldwide database of the United States patent office, European patent office and several other official patent information websites.
痤疮是与人类皮肤相关的最具传染性的疾病之一。这种成人痤疮的患病率更高。涉及寻常痤疮的主要致病生物体是痤疮丙酸杆菌，它导致皮脂产生和毛囊过度角化。
科学数据表明，遗传因素、压力、生理因素、雄激素和激素变化等炎症介质在痤疮的病理生理学中起着重要作用。目前有几种药物可用于治疗痤疮，如杀菌、抗生素和其他几种直接或间接参与痤疮消除的药物。
纳米载体系统，包括脂质体、非离子型脂质体、纳米海绵、纳米乳液和微乳液、微球和固体脂质纳米粒，已成为治疗痤疮的成功方法。在本文中，作者特别强调了这些纳米载体以及基于该领域新技术的各种专利研究。将抗痤疮药物分子包封在特定的纳米载体系统中已被证明可以提高患者的顺应性并减少副作用。
本综述文章概述了涉及痤疮治疗的纳米载体系统的机制、优点、缺点和各种专利。还简要讨论了一些最先进的专利和新技术，如干细胞分泌技术、包含微囊的溶胶-凝胶技术以及用于治疗痤疮的纳米颗粒超声输送。通过美国专利局、欧洲专利局和其他几个官方专利信息网站的全球数据库对这些纳米载体进行了专利研究。
