Zhou Guilan, Liang Hao, Gu Yixin, Ju Changyan, He Lihua, Guo Pengbo, Shao Zhujun, Zhang Jianzhong, Zhang Maojun
State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Rd155, Changbailu, Changping, Beijing, 102206, People's Republic of China.
School of Public Health, Shandong University, Shandong, China.
Gut Pathog. 2020 Dec 10;12(1):56. doi: 10.1186/s13099-020-00394-1.
Helicobacter pullorum commonly colonized in the gastrointestinal tract of poultry and caused gastroenteritis. This bacterium could be transmitted to humans through contaminated food and caused colitis and hepatitis. Currently, the genetic characteristics of the H. pullorum were not recognized enough. In this study, the genomes of 23 H. pullorum strains from different counties were comparatively analyzed. Among them, H. pullorum 2013BJHL was the first isolated and reported in China.
The genomes of the studied strains were estimated to vary from 1.55 to 2.03 Mb, with a GC content of ~ 34%. 4064 pan genes and 1267 core genes were obtained from the core-pan genome analysis using the Roary pipeline. Core genome SNPs (cg-SNPs) were obtained using Snippy4 software. Two groups were identified with the phylogenetic analysis based on the cg-SNPs. Some adhesion-related, immune regulation, motility-related, antiphagocytosis-related, toxin-related and quorum sensing related genes were identified as virulence factors. APH(3')-IIIa, APH(2'')-If, and AAC(6')-Ie-APH(2'')-Ia were identified as antibiotic resistance genes among the H. pullorum genomes. cat, SAT-4 and tetO genes were only identified in 2013BJHL, and tet(C) was identified in MIT98-5489. MIC determination revealed that the 2013BJHL showed acquired resistance to ciprofloxacin, nalidixic acid, tetracycline, gentamicin, streptomycin and erythromycin, only sensitive to ampicillin. The antibiotic resistance genetic determinants on the 2013BJHL genome correlate well with observed antimicrobial susceptibility patterns. Two types of VI secretion system (T6SS) were identified in 52.2% (12/23) the studied strains.
In this study, we obtained the genetic characteristics of H. pullorum from different sources in the world. The comprehensive genetic characteristics of H. pullorum were first described. H. pullorum showed highly genetic diversity and two sub-types of T6SSs were first identified in H. pullorum. 2013BJHL was found to be multidrug resistant as it was resistant to at least three different antibiotic classes.
鸡拉米螺旋杆菌通常定植于家禽胃肠道并引起肠胃炎。这种细菌可通过受污染食物传播给人类，引发结肠炎和肝炎。目前，对鸡拉米螺旋杆菌的遗传特征认识不足。本研究对来自不同地区的23株鸡拉米螺旋杆菌菌株的基因组进行了比较分析。其中，鸡拉米螺旋杆菌2013BJHL是在中国首次分离和报道的菌株。
所研究菌株的基因组大小估计在1.55至2.03 Mb之间，GC含量约为34%。使用Roary软件通过核心-泛基因组分析获得了4064个泛基因和1267个核心基因。使用Snippy4软件获得核心基因组单核苷酸多态性（cg-SNPs）。基于cg-SNPs的系统发育分析确定了两个组。一些与黏附、免疫调节、运动性、抗吞噬作用、毒素和群体感应相关的基因被鉴定为毒力因子。在鸡拉米螺旋杆菌基因组中，APH(3')-IIIa、APH(2'')-If和AAC(6')-Ie-APH(2'')-Ia被鉴定为抗生素抗性基因。cat、SAT-4和tetO基因仅在2013BJHL中被鉴定到，tet(C)在MIT98-5489中被鉴定到。最低抑菌浓度测定显示，2013BJHL对环丙沙星、萘啶酸、四环素、庆大霉素、链霉素和红霉素呈现获得性耐药，仅对氨苄西林敏感。2013BJHL基因组上的抗生素抗性遗传决定因素与观察到的抗菌药物敏感性模式高度相关。在所研究的菌株中，52.2%（12/23）鉴定出两种VI型分泌系统（T6SS）。
在本研究中，我们获得了来自世界各地不同来源的鸡拉米螺旋杆菌的遗传特征。首次描述了鸡拉米螺旋杆菌的综合遗传特征。鸡拉米螺旋杆菌表现出高度的遗传多样性，并且首次在鸡拉米螺旋杆菌中鉴定出两种亚型的T6SS。发现2013BJHL具有多重耐药性，因为它对至少三种不同类别的抗生素耐药。
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