Jimoh Muhali Olaide, Afolayan Anthony Jide, Lewu Francis Bayo
Medicinal Plants and Economic Development (MPED) Research Centre, Department of Botany, University of Fort Hare, Alice 5700, South Africa.
Department of Horticultural Sciences, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, Bellville Campus, Bellville 7537, Cape Town, South Africa.
Saudi J Biol Sci. 2020 Dec;27(12):3570-3580. doi: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2020.07.029. Epub 2020 Aug 1.
This study investigated variations in the concentration of nutrients, antinutrients and mineral content of harvested from different soil types at various stages of maturity. Four out the five soils namely; sandy clay loam, silty clay loam, clayey loam and loam were experimentally formulated from primary particles of silt, clay and sand in line with the United State Department of Agriculture's (USDA) soil triangle protocol. The unfractionated soil was used as the control. After harvesting at pre-flowering (61 days after planting), flowering (71 days after planting) and post-flowering (91 days after planting) stages, nutrient and antinutrient analyses were carried out following Association of Official Analytical Chemists (AOAC) and other referenced methods while the Inductively Coupled Plasma- Optical Emission Spectrometer was used to determine mineral compositions of the plant samples. The results of the study revealed that particle size and physicochemical properties of the soil influenced the number of minerals deposited in plant tissues. It was further observed that the nutritional properties of the plant change as plant ages. For an optimal yield of vitamins A and E, clayey loam proved to be the best soil particularly when is harvested before flowering but for vitamin C, sandy clayey loam yielded the highest output at the same stage. Similarly, clayey loam and loam soils yielded the highest proximate compositions at flowering and pre-flowering; however, mineral elements (micro and macro) were highest in control and loam soils.
本研究调查了在不同成熟阶段从不同土壤类型收获的作物中营养成分、抗营养成分和矿物质含量的变化。五种土壤中的四种，即砂质粘壤土、粉质粘壤土、粘质壤土和壤土，是根据美国农业部（USDA）的土壤三角协议，由粉砂、粘土和沙子的原始颗粒实验配制而成。未分级的土壤用作对照。在开花前（种植后61天）、开花期（种植后71天）和开花后（种植后91天）阶段收获后，按照官方分析化学家协会（AOAC）和其他参考方法进行营养成分和抗营养成分分析，同时使用电感耦合等离子体发射光谱仪测定植物样品的矿物质成分。研究结果表明，土壤的颗粒大小和理化性质影响了植物组织中沉积的矿物质数量。进一步观察到，植物的营养特性随着植物年龄的增长而变化。为了获得维生素A和E的最佳产量，粘质壤土被证明是最好的土壤，特别是在开花前收获时，但对于维生素C，砂质粘壤土在同一阶段产量最高。同样，粘质壤土和壤土在开花期和开花前期的近似成分含量最高；然而，对照土壤和壤土中的矿质元素（微量和大量）含量最高。
