Wang Shengnan, Feng Kai, Zhang Ying, Liu Jianan, Wang Wei, Li Yongxin
Department of Psychology, Institute of Psychology and Behaviour, Henan University, Kaifeng, China.
School of Management and Economics, North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power, Zhengzhou, China.
Front Psychiatry. 2020 Nov 12;11:567119. doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2020.567119. eCollection 2020.
COVID-19 affects not only patients' physical health but also their mental health. For the general public, although their physical health may not be directly affected, their mental health may be affected by stress, anxiety, and social panic caused by COVID-19. Controlling the pandemic should focus on not only physical health but also mental health. For the general public, mental health is even more important, as good mental health at the individual level can form a positive social mentality conducive to pandemic prevention and control. Therefore, it is important to assess mental health during the pandemic, and analyze risk and protective factors. A self-compiled COVID-19 Social Mentality Questionnaire was used to conduct an online survey. A total of 16,616 participants responded, with 13,511 valid questionnaires. Results showed that 10.7% of participants rated their mental health as "worse than usual" during the pandemic, and there were gender, age, and educational differences. Social support was positively correlated with pandemic-related knowledge and self-efficacy, and could indirectly predict mental health. Pandemic-related knowledge was positively correlated with self-efficacy and mental health, and risk level was negatively correlated with mental health. Hierarchical regression analysis showed that pandemic-related knowledge played a partial mediating role in the relationship between social support and self-efficacy, while self-efficacy played a complete mediating role in the relationship between social support and mental health. Logistic regression analysis showed that risk level moderated the relationship between self-efficacy and mental health. Social support can increase pandemic-related knowledge, thus improving self-efficacy and maintaining/promoting mental health. High risk levels can undermine the role of self-efficacy in promoting mental health. Therefore, in the fight against the COVID-19, people need to support and cooperate with each other, to improve self-efficacy and reduce risk, thus maintaining and promoting mental health.
新型冠状病毒肺炎不仅影响患者的身体健康，还影响其心理健康。对于普通公众而言，虽然他们的身体健康可能未受到直接影响，但其心理健康可能会受到新型冠状病毒肺炎引发的压力、焦虑和社会恐慌的影响。控制疫情不仅应关注身体健康，还应关注心理健康。对于普通公众来说，心理健康更为重要，因为个体层面的良好心理健康可以形成有利于疫情防控的积极社会心态。因此，在疫情期间评估心理健康状况并分析风险和保护因素很重要。使用自编的新型冠状病毒肺炎社会心态问卷进行在线调查。共有16616名参与者做出回应，其中有效问卷13511份。结果显示，10.7%的参与者在疫情期间将自己的心理健康评为“比平时更差”，且存在性别、年龄和教育程度差异。社会支持与疫情相关知识和自我效能感呈正相关，并能间接预测心理健康。疫情相关知识与自我效能感和心理健康呈正相关，风险水平与心理健康呈负相关。分层回归分析表明，疫情相关知识在社会支持与自我效能感的关系中起部分中介作用，而自我效能感在社会支持与心理健康的关系中起完全中介作用。逻辑回归分析表明，风险水平调节了自我效能感与心理健康之间的关系。社会支持可以增加疫情相关知识，从而提高自我效能感并维持/促进心理健康。高风险水平会削弱自我效能感在促进心理健康方面的作用。因此，在抗击新型冠状病毒肺炎过程中，人们需要相互支持与合作，以提高自我效能感并降低风险，从而维持和促进心理健康。
