Klauke Fabian, Kauffeld Simone
Department for Work, Organizational, and Social Psychology, Institute of Psychology, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany.
Front Psychol. 2020 Nov 12;11:558069. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.558069. eCollection 2020.
Most of our knowledge related to how social exclusion affects those who ostracize and those who are being ostracized is based on questionnaires administered after the ostracism situation is over. In this research, we strived to further our understanding of the internal dynamics of an ostracism situation. We therefore examined individuals' language-specifically, function words-as a behavior indicative of psychological processes and emergent states that can be unobtrusively recorded right in the situation. In online chats, 128 participants talked about a personal topic in groups of three. In the experimental group ( = 79), two conversation partners ignored every contribution by the third. We found that, compared to the control group, these targets of ostracism used language indicative of a self-focus and worsened mood, but not of social focus or positivity, although positivity was related to a writer's likeability. Sources of ostracism used language suggesting that they were distancing themselves from the situation, and they further engaged in victim derogation. We discuss how our results highlight the severity and potential self-sustainability of ostracism.
我们关于社会排斥如何影响排斥者和被排斥者的大部分知识，都是基于在排斥情况结束后进行的问卷调查。在这项研究中，我们努力加深对排斥情况内部动态的理解。因此，我们将个体的语言——具体来说，是功能词——作为一种行为进行研究，这种行为表明了心理过程和即时状态，并且可以在这种情况下不引人注意地记录下来。在网络聊天中，128名参与者三人一组谈论一个个人话题。在实验组（n = 79）中，两个对话伙伴无视第三人的每一次发言。我们发现，与对照组相比，这些被排斥的对象使用的语言表明他们自我关注增强且情绪变差，但社会关注或积极情绪方面并非如此，尽管积极情绪与作者的受欢迎程度有关。实施排斥的人使用的语言表明他们在与这种情况保持距离，并且他们进一步对受害者进行诋毁。我们讨论了我们的结果如何突出了排斥的严重性和潜在的自我持续性。
