Anti-Biofilm Effect of Egg Yolk Phosvitin by Inhibition of Biomass Production and Adherence Activity against .

The formation of biofilms on the enamel surface of teeth by is an important step in dental plaque formation, demineralization, and early caries because the biofilm is where other bacteria involved in dental caries attach, grow, and proliferate. The objectives of this study were to determine the effect of phosvitin (PSV) on the biofilm formation, exopolysaccharides (EPS) production, adherence activity of , and the expression of genes related to the compounds essential for biofilm formation (quorum-sensing inducers and components of biofilm matrix) by . PSV significantly reduced the biofilm-forming activity of and increased the degradation of preformed biofilms by . PSV inhibited the adherence activity of by 31.9%-33.6%, and the production of EPS by 62%-65% depending upon the strains and the amount of PSV added. The expressions of genes regulating the production of EPS and the quorum-sensing-inducers (, and ) in all strains were down-regulated by PSV, but was down-regulated only in KCTC 5316. Therefore, the anti-biofilm-forming activity of PSV was accomplished through the inhibition of biofilm formation, adherence activity, and the production of quorum-sensing inducers and EPS by .