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术前 MRI 检查预测未行术前治疗的局部进展期低位直肠癌环周切缘状态与复发的相关性

Circumferential Resection Margin Status as a Predictive Factor for Recurrence in Preoperative MRI for Advanced Lower Rectal Cancer Without Preoperative Therapy.

机构信息

Department of Colorectal Surgery, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan.

Department of Digestive and Pediatric Surgery, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan.

出版信息

Dis Colon Rectum. 2021 Jan;64(1):71-80. doi: 10.1097/DCR.0000000000001769.

DOI:10.1097/DCR.0000000000001769
PMID:33306533
Abstract

BACKGROUND

In Japan, total mesorectal excision plus lateral lymph node dissection without preoperative therapy is the standard treatment for advanced lower rectal cancer. Although long-term oncologic outcomes with preoperative therapy based on circumferential resection margin status in preoperative MRI has been reported, outcomes without preoperative therapy are unknown.

OBJECTIVE

This study evaluated long-term oncologic outcomes of radical surgery without preoperative therapy in advanced lower rectal cancer based on circumferential resection margin status in preoperative MRI, with the aim of defining appropriate patient populations for preoperative therapy.

DESIGN

This retrospective analysis compared long-term oncologic outcomes with preoperative MRI in patients with lower rectal cancer.

SETTINGS

Patients were identified through a database managed by our institute.

PATIENTS

In total, 338 patients with lower rectal cancer who underwent radical surgery between 2000 and 2014 at the National Cancer Center Hospital without preoperative therapy were included.

MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES

The main outcome was relapse-free survival.

RESULTS

The median follow-up period was 61.7 months (range, 3-153 months). Five-year relapse-free survival rates in MRI-predicted circumferential resection margin negative patients and positive patients were 76.0% and 55.6% (p < 0.001). Univariate and multivariate analyses revealed pN stage (HR, 2.35; 95% CI, 1.470-3.770; p < 0.001), lymphatic invasion (HR, 2.03; 95% CI, 1.302-3.176; p = 0.002), venous invasion (HR, 2.15; 95% CI, 1.184-3.9; p = 0.01), surgical procedure (HR, 1.72; 95% CI, 1.115-2.665; p = 0.01), and MRI-predicted circumferential resection margin (HR, 1.850; 95% CI, 1.206-2.838; p = 0.0051) to be independent risk factors for postoperative recurrence.

LIMITATIONS

This study was retrospective in design.

CONCLUSIONS

Magnetic resonance imaging-predicted circumferential resection margin was associated with relapse-free survival without preoperative therapy, indicating its potential for use in selecting optimal preoperative therapy. See Video Abstract at http://links.lww.com/DCR/B335. ESTADO DEL MARGEN DE RESECCIÓN CIRCUNFERENCIAL COMO FACTOR PREDICTIVO DE RECURRENCIA EN LA RESONANCIA MAGNÉTICA PREOPERATORIA, PARA EL CÁNCER RECTAL BAJO AVANZADO SIN TERAPIA PREOPERATORIA: En Japón, la escisión mesorrectal total con disección de ganglios linfáticos laterales y sin terapia preoperatoria, es el tratamiento estándar para el cáncer rectal bajo avanzado. Aunque se han reportado resultados oncológicos a largo plazo con terapia preoperatoria, basada en el estado del margen de resección circunferencial en la resonancia magnética preoperatoria, se desconocen los resultados sin terapia preoperatoria.Este estudio evaluó los resultados oncológicos a largo plazo de cirugía radical sin terapia preoperatoria, en cáncer rectal bajo avanzado, basado en el estado del margen de resección circunferencial en la resonancia magnética preoperatoria, con el objetivo de definir poblaciones de pacientes apropiadas para terapia preoperatoria.Este análisis retrospectivo comparó los resultados oncológicos a largo plazo con resonancia magnética preoperatoria, en pacientes con cáncer rectal bajo.Los pacientes fueron identificados a través de una base de datos administrada por nuestro instituto.Se incluyeron un total de 338 pacientes con cáncer rectal bajo, que se sometieron a cirugía radical entre 2000 y 2014 en el Hospital Nacional del Centro de Cáncer, sin terapia preoperatoria.El resultado principal fue la supervivencia libre de recaídas.La mediana del período de seguimiento fue de 61,7 meses (rango, 3-153 meses). Las tasas de supervivencia sin recaídas a cinco años, con margen de resección circunferencial predicho por resonancia magnética, en pacientes negativos y pacientes positivos fueron 76.0% y 55.6% (p <0.001), respectivamente. Los análisis univariados y multivariados revelaron estadio pN (razón de riesgo [HR], 2.35; intervalo de confianza [IC] del 95%, 1.470-3.770; p <0.001), invasión linfática (HR, 2.03; IC del 95%, 1.302-3.176; p = 0.002), invasión venosa (HR, 2.15; IC 95%, 1.184-3.9; p = 0.01), procedimiento quirúrgico (HR, 1.72; IC 95%, 1.115-2.665; p = 0.01) y circunferencial predicho por resonancia magnética en margen de resección (HR, 1.850; IC 95%, 1.206-2.838; p = 0.0051), como factores de riesgo independientes, para la recurrencia postoperatoria.Este estudio fue retrospectivo en diseño.El margen de resección circunferencial predicho de resonancia magnética, se asoció con una supervivencia libre de recaída sin terapia preoperatoria, lo que indica su potencial para uso en la selección de la terapia óptima preoperatoria. Consulte Video Resumen en http://links.lww.com/DCR/B335.

摘要

背景

在日本,对于局部进展期低位直肠癌,全直肠系膜切除术加侧方淋巴结清扫术而不进行术前治疗是标准治疗方法。尽管术前 MRI 基于环周切缘状态的术前治疗的长期肿瘤学结果已有报道,但不进行术前治疗的结果尚不清楚。

目的

本研究评估了术前 MRI 预测局部进展期低位直肠癌的环周切缘状态,不进行术前治疗的根治性手术的长期肿瘤学结果,旨在为术前治疗定义合适的患者人群。

设计

本回顾性分析比较了接受根治性手术的低位直肠癌患者的长期肿瘤学结果与术前 MRI。

设置

患者通过我们研究所管理的数据库进行识别。

患者

共纳入 2000 年至 2014 年期间在国立癌症中心医院接受根治性手术且无术前治疗的 338 例低位直肠癌患者。

主要观察指标

主要观察指标为无复发生存率。

结果

中位随访时间为 61.7 个月(范围,3-153 个月)。MRI 预测的环周切缘阴性患者和阳性患者的 5 年无复发生存率分别为 76.0%和 55.6%(p<0.001)。单因素和多因素分析显示 pN 分期(HR,2.35;95%CI,1.470-3.770;p<0.001)、淋巴血管侵犯(HR,2.03;95%CI,1.302-3.176;p=0.002)、静脉侵犯(HR,2.15;95%CI,1.184-3.9;p=0.01)、手术方式(HR,1.72;95%CI,1.115-2.665;p=0.01)和 MRI 预测的环周切缘(HR,1.850;95%CI,1.206-2.838;p=0.0051)是术后复发的独立危险因素。

局限性

本研究为回顾性设计。

结论

磁共振成像预测的环周切缘与无术前治疗的无复发生存相关,表明其在选择最佳术前治疗方面具有潜力。

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