Collaboration for Evidence, Research and Impact in Public Health, School of Public Health, Curtin University, Bentley, Western Australia 6102, Australia.
College of Medicine & Health, University of Exeter, Devon, Exeter EX4 4SB, UK.
Health Educ Res. 2021 Mar 23;36(1):61-74. doi: 10.1093/her/cyaa042.
Health literacy is considered by some as a determinant of health. Research suggests that different levels of health literacy may be associated with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) knowledge and behaviour, including willingness to test. This study assessed the health literacy demands of existing Australia HIV prevention resources available online using a health literacy assessment and content analysis. Two reviewers assessed 66 resources using the Health Literacy INDEX. Sixty-one (92%) scored below 50%, with an average score of 35.5%. A coding frame was developed to conduct a content analysis of the resources excluding videos, multiple webpages and booklets (n = 52). We coded for six categories of knowledge: HIV knowledge (100% of resources), transmission (96%), acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) knowledge (88%), testing (87%), consequence of infection (85%) and prevention (77%). We found that resources required a reading grade above grade 8, and very few resources considered audience appropriateness. There were missed opportunities to encourage HIV prevention or testing. Some resources used incorrect language to refer towards people living with HIV, and transmission and prevention messages were often inconsistent. Guidelines for developing HIV prevention resources are warranted to improve health literacy, accessibility and appropriateness of resources and ensure consistent messages and framing of HIV risk.
健康素养被一些人认为是健康的决定因素。研究表明，不同水平的健康素养可能与人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）知识和行为相关，包括检测意愿。本研究使用健康素养评估和内容分析评估了现有的澳大利亚在线 HIV 预防资源的健康素养需求。两名审查员使用健康素养指数评估了 66 种资源。61 种（92%）得分低于 50%，平均得分为 35.5%。制定了一个编码框架，对不包括视频、多个网页和小册子的资源进行内容分析（n=52）。我们对六个类别的知识进行了编码：HIV 知识（100%的资源）、传播（96%）、获得性免疫缺陷综合征（AIDS）知识（88%）、检测（87%）、感染后果（85%）和预防（77%）。我们发现，资源需要高于 8 年级的阅读水平，很少有资源考虑到受众的适当性。有一些错失的机会来鼓励 HIV 预防或检测。一些资源使用不正确的语言来指代 HIV 感染者，而且传播和预防信息往往不一致。制定 HIV 预防资源的指南是必要的，以提高资源的健康素养、可及性和适当性，并确保 HIV 风险的信息和框架一致。
