Applied Physiology Laboratory, Department of Exercise and Sport Science, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA.
Human Movement Science Curriculum, Department of Allied Health Science, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA.
Appl Physiol Nutr Metab. 2021 Jun;46(6):644-650. doi: 10.1139/apnm-2020-0744. Epub 2020 Dec 15.
Three-dimensional (3D) body scanner technology for body composition assessment is expanding. The aim of this study was to assess the validity of a 3D body scanner. One hundred and ninety-four participants (43% male; age: 23.52 ± 5.47 years; body mass index: 23.98 ± 3.24 kg·m) were measured using 3D scanner and a 4-compartment (4C) model utilizing dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA), air displacement plethysmography, and bioelectrical impedance spectroscopy. Dependent tests, validity statistics including total error (TE), standard error of the estimate, constant error, and Bland-Altman analyses were utilized. Compared with 4C, 3D scanner fat mass (FM) [mean difference (MD; 3D-4C): 2.66 kg ± 3.32 kg] and percent body fat (%BF) (MD: 4.13% ± 5.36%) were significantly ( < 0.001) over-predicted; fat free mass (FFM) was significantly underpredicted (MD: -3.15 kg ± 4.75 kg; < 0.001). 3D demonstrated poor validity indicated by TE (%BF: 5.61%; FM: 4.50 kg; FFM: 5.69 kg). In contrast, there were no significant differences between 3D and DXA measures; 3D scanner demonstrated acceptable measurement for %BF (TE: 4.25%), FM (TE: 2.92 kg), and lean mass (TE: 3.86 kg). Compared with the 4C criterion, high TE values indicated 3D estimates were not valid. In contrast, 3D estimates produced acceptable measurement agreement when compared with DXA; an average overestimation of %BF by 5.31% (vs. 4C) and 4.20% (vs. DXA) may be expected. 3D body composition estimates are not valid compared with the 4-C criterion model. 3D estimates appeared to be more valid in females, compared with males. When compared with DXA, 3D estimates were acceptable.
三维（3D）人体扫描仪技术在人体成分评估中的应用正在不断扩展。本研究旨在评估一种 3D 人体扫描仪的有效性。194 名参与者（43%为男性；年龄：23.52±5.47 岁；体重指数：23.98±3.24kg·m）分别使用 3D 扫描仪和 4 compartment（4C）模型（利用双能 X 射线吸收法、空气置换体积描记法和生物电阻抗谱法）进行了测量。采用依赖测试、有效性统计（包括总误差（TE）、估计标准误差、常数误差和 Bland-Altman 分析）进行分析。与 4C 相比，3D 扫描仪脂肪量（FM）[平均差值（MD；3D-4C）：2.66kg±3.32kg]和体脂百分比（%BF）（MD：4.13%±5.36%）被显著高估（<0.001）；去脂体重（FFM）被显著低估（MD：-3.15kg±4.75kg；<0.001）。3D 的总误差（%BF：5.61%；FM：4.50kg；FFM：5.69kg）表明其有效性较差。相比之下，3D 与 DXA 测量之间无显著差异；3D 扫描仪在 %BF（TE：4.25%）、FM（TE：2.92kg）和瘦体重（TE：3.86kg）方面表现出可接受的测量效果。与 4C 标准相比，高 TE 值表明 3D 估计值无效。相比之下，3D 估计值与 DXA 相比产生了可接受的测量一致性；预计平均高估了 5.31%（与 4C 相比）和 4.20%（与 DXA 相比）的 %BF。与 4-C 标准模型相比，3D 体成分估计值无效。与男性相比，3D 估计值在女性中似乎更有效。与 DXA 相比，3D 估计值是可接受的。
