Faculty of Sport Science, Research Academy of Grand Health, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China.
Department of Kinesiology and Physical Education, McGill University, Montreal, QC H2W 1S4, Canada.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020 Dec 11;17(24):9284. doi: 10.3390/ijerph17249284.
Physical activity and health are of significant importance for the rapid aging population in China. Built environment has been suggested to be associated with elderly physical activity and health. However, the association differences between cities remain unclear. Perceived built environment scores and elderly leisure-time physical activity (LTPA) of 308 elderly in Hangzhou and 304 elderly in Wenzhou were collected using Neighborhood Environment Walkability Scale and International Physical Activity Questionnaire, respectively. A multivariate linear regression method and T-test were used to analyze of the associations between elderly LTPA and built environment and the differences between the two cities, respectively. The results showed that LTPA was positively associated with walking/cycling facilities and crime safety in both cities. LTPA was positively correlated with residential density, aesthetics, pedestrian/traffic safety in Wenzhou and negatively correlated with access to services in Hangzhou. The perceived scores of aesthetics (2.71 vs. 2.45) and pedestrian/traffic safety (2.11 vs. 1.71) in Hangzhou were significantly higher than those in Wenzhou. The results suggested that built environment elements like higher walking/cycling facilities and crime safety may motivate elderly engaging LTPA in both cities. However, LTPA was affected by different factors in these two cities. In the urban redevelopment, survey conducted in its own city would provide meaningful information and cannot be neglected.
在中国,人口快速老龄化对身体健康和体育活动提出了巨大挑战。有研究表明,居住环境与老年人的体育活动和健康有关。然而,不同城市之间的关联差异仍不清楚。本研究采用邻里环境步行性量表和国际体力活动问卷分别收集了杭州市 308 名老年人和温州市 304 名老年人的感知居住环境评分和老年休闲体力活动(LTPA)数据。采用多元线性回归方法和 T 检验分别分析了老年人 LTPA 与居住环境之间的关系以及两个城市之间的差异。结果表明,在两个城市中,LTPA 与步行/骑行设施和犯罪安全呈正相关。LTPA 与居住密度、美观、行人和/交通安全呈正相关,与杭州市服务设施可达性呈负相关。杭州市老年人对美观(2.71 分比 2.45 分)和行人和/交通安全(2.11 分比 1.71 分)的感知评分显著高于温州市。研究结果表明,较高的步行/骑行设施和犯罪安全等居住环境要素可能会激发老年人在两个城市进行 LTPA。然而,LTPA 受到这两个城市不同因素的影响。在城市更新过程中,在本市进行的调查将提供有意义的信息,不容忽视。