Gulseth Hanne Løvdal, Helland Eyvind, Johansen Knut Ivar, Gravningen Kirsten, Eide Helena Niemi, Håberg Siri Eldevik, Bakken Inger Johanne
Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen. 2020 Dec 3;140(18). doi: 10.4045/tidsskr.20.0693. Print 2020 Dec 15.
Advanced age is the most important risk factor for death as a result of COVID-19, but there is a dearth of knowledge regarding the impact of chronic diseases. Using health registry data, we describe the disease profiles of persons who died after a confirmed infection with SARS-CoV-2 during the first three months of the pandemic in Norway.
Data from the specialist health service (Norwegian Patient Registry, NPR) and the primary health service (Norwegian Registry for Primary Health Care, NRPHC) were linked to information on positive tests for SARS-CoV-2 from the Norwegian Surveillance System for Communicable Diseases (MSIS) and on deaths from the National Population Register. The data retrieval included the Norwegian population as of 1 March 2020 with data for confirmed infections, hospitalisations and deaths until 31 May 2020.
Of 8 412 persons with a confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection, altogether 244 (2.9 %) died, whereof 133 (55 %) were men. Among those with a confirmed infection, the proportion who died varied from 0.2 % (age < 60 years) to 52 % (age ≥ 90 years). Altogether 92 (38 %) patients died in hospital. 25 (16 %) of those who died elsewhere had previously been hospitalised for COVID-19. The proportion with no registered chronic disease was 39 % in the age group < 70 years and 26 % in the age group ≥ 70 years. The disease distribution varied between those patients who had died in and outside of hospital, especially for diagnoses of diabetes, renal failure and dementia.
Among those who had a SARS-CoV-2 infection confirmed during the first three months of the pandemic in Norway, only a small proportion died. The majority of those who died were 70 years or older and had at least one chronic disease, but the disease profile varied between patients who died in and outside of hospital. Health registry data can help provide a better overview of and advice to risk groups in the population during an ongoing pandemic.
高龄是新冠病毒病（COVID-19）致死的最重要风险因素，但关于慢性病影响的知识却很匮乏。利用健康登记数据，我们描述了挪威疫情大流行前三个月中确诊感染严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2（SARS-CoV-2）后死亡人员的疾病概况。
将专科医疗服务机构（挪威患者登记处，NPR）和初级医疗服务机构（挪威初级卫生保健登记处，NRPHC）的数据与挪威传染病监测系统（MSIS）中SARS-CoV-2阳性检测信息以及国家人口登记处的死亡信息相链接。数据检索涵盖截至2020年3月1日的挪威人口，以及截至2020年5月31日的确诊感染、住院和死亡数据。
在8412例确诊感染SARS-CoV-2的患者中，共有244例（2.9%）死亡，其中133例（55%）为男性。在确诊感染的患者中，死亡比例从0.2%（年龄<60岁）到52%（年龄≥90岁）不等。共有92例（38%）患者在医院死亡。在其他地方死亡的患者中有25例（16%）此前因COVID-19住院。年龄<70岁组中无登记慢性病的比例为39%，年龄≥70岁组中为26%。在医院内和医院外死亡的患者之间疾病分布有所不同，尤其是糖尿病、肾衰竭和痴呆症的诊断。
在挪威疫情大流行的前三个月确诊感染SARS-CoV-2的患者中，只有一小部分死亡。大多数死亡患者年龄在70岁及以上且至少有一种慢性病，但在医院内和医院外死亡的患者疾病概况有所不同。健康登记数据有助于在疫情持续期间更好地了解人群中的风险群体并为其提供建议。
