Lauretani Fulvio, Longobucco Yari, Ferrari Pellegrini Francesca, De Iorio Aurelio Maria, Fazio Chiara, Federici Raffaele, Gallini Elena, La Porta Umberto, Ravazzoni Giulia, Roberti Maria Federica, Salvi Marco, Zucchini Irene, Pelà Giovanna, Maggio Marcello
Geriatric Clinic Unit, Medical Geriatric Rehabilitative Department, University Hospital of Parma, Parma, Italy.
Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy.
Front Psychol. 2020 Nov 26;11:569629. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.569629. eCollection 2020.
Aging is characterized by the decline and deterioration of functional cells and results in a wide variety of molecular damages and reduced physical and mental capacity. The knowledge on aging process is important because life expectancy is expected to rise until 2050. Aging cannot be considered a homogeneous process and includes different trajectories characterized by states of fitness, frailty, and disability. Frailty is a dynamic condition put between a normal functional state and disability, with reduced capacity to cope with stressors. This geriatric syndrome affects physical, neuropsychological, and social domains and is driven by emotional and spiritual components. Sarcopenia is considered one of the determinants and the biological substrates of physical frailty. Physical and cognitive frailty are separately approached during daily clinical practice. The concept of motoric cognitive syndrome has partially changed this scenario, opening interesting windows toward future approaches. Thus, the purpose of this manuscript is to provide an excursus on current clinical practice, enforced by aneddoctical cases. The analysis of the current state of the art seems to support the urgent need of comprehensive organizational model incorporating physical and cognitive spheres in the same umbrella.
衰老的特征是功能细胞的衰退和恶化，会导致多种分子损伤以及身心能力下降。由于预计到2050年人均寿命将会延长，因此有关衰老过程的知识非常重要。衰老不能被视为一个单一的过程，它包括以健康、虚弱和残疾状态为特征的不同轨迹。虚弱是一种介于正常功能状态和残疾之间的动态状况，应对压力源的能力下降。这种老年综合征会影响身体、神经心理和社会领域，并受情感和精神因素驱动。肌肉减少症被认为是身体虚弱的决定因素之一和生物学基础。在日常临床实践中，身体虚弱和认知虚弱是分别处理的。运动认知综合征的概念在一定程度上改变了这种情况，为未来的治疗方法打开了有趣的窗口。因此，本手稿的目的是结合一些轶事性病例，对当前的临床实践进行概述。对当前技术水平的分析似乎支持迫切需要一个将身体和认知领域纳入同一框架的综合组织模型。
