Department of Infectious Diseases, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, USA.
J Infect Dis. 2021 Jun 16;223(12 Suppl 2):S201-S208. doi: 10.1093/infdis/jiaa735.
The bacterial, fungal, and helminthic species that comprise the microbiome of the mammalian host have profound effects on health and disease. Pathogenic viruses must contend with the microbiome during infection and likely have evolved to exploit or evade the microbiome. Both direct interactions between the virions and the microbiota and immunomodulation and tissue remodeling caused by the microbiome alter viral pathogenesis in either host- or virus-beneficial ways. Recent insights from in vitro and murine models of viral pathogenesis have highlighted synergistic and antagonistic, direct and indirect interactions between the microbiome and pathogenic viruses. This review will focus on the transkingdom interactions between human gastrointestinal and respiratory viruses and the constituent microbiome of those tissues.
哺乳动物宿主微生物组中的细菌、真菌和寄生虫物种对健康和疾病有深远的影响。致病病毒在感染期间必须与微生物组竞争，并可能已经进化为利用或逃避微生物组。病毒粒子与微生物组之间的直接相互作用以及微生物组引起的免疫调节和组织重塑，以宿主或病毒受益的方式改变病毒的发病机制。来自病毒发病机制的体外和小鼠模型的最新见解强调了微生物组和致病性病毒之间的协同和拮抗、直接和间接相互作用。本综述将重点关注人类胃肠道和呼吸道病毒与这些组织的组成微生物组之间的跨域相互作用。
