Focà Alfredo, Liberto Maria Carla, Quirino Angela, Marascio Nadia, Zicca Emilia, Pavia Grazia
Department of Health Sciences, Institute of Microbiology, School of Medicine, University "Magna Graecia", Viale Europa, Germaneto, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy.
Mediators Inflamm. 2015;2015:326032. doi: 10.1155/2015/326032. Epub 2015 Apr 7.
The human virome comprises viruses that infect host cells, virus-derived elements in our chromosomes, and viruses that infect other organisms, including bacteriophages and plant viruses. The development of high-throughput sequencing techniques has shown that the human gut microbiome is a complex community in which the virome plays a crucial role into regulation of intestinal immunity and homeostasis. Nevertheless, the size of the human virome is still poorly understood. Indeed the enteric virome is in a continuous and dynamic equilibrium with other components of the gut microbiome and the gut immune system, an interaction that may influence the health and disease of the host. We review recent evidence on the viruses found in the gastrointestinal tract, discussing their interactions with the resident bacterial microbiota and the host immune system, in order to explore the potential impact of the virome on human health.
人类病毒组包括感染宿主细胞的病毒、我们染色体中的病毒衍生元件，以及感染其他生物体的病毒，包括噬菌体和植物病毒。高通量测序技术的发展表明，人类肠道微生物群是一个复杂的群落，其中病毒组在肠道免疫和稳态调节中起着关键作用。然而，人类病毒组的规模仍知之甚少。事实上，肠道病毒组与肠道微生物群和肠道免疫系统的其他成分处于持续动态平衡中，这种相互作用可能会影响宿主的健康和疾病。我们综述了有关胃肠道中发现的病毒的最新证据，讨论它们与常驻细菌微生物群和宿主免疫系统的相互作用，以探讨病毒组对人类健康的潜在影响。
