Irawan Agung, Hidayat Cecep, Jayanegara Anuraga, Ratriyanto Adi
Vocational Program in Animal Husbandry, Vocational School, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta 57126, Indonesia.
Animal Feed and Nutrition Modelling Research Group (AFENUE), Department of Nutrition and Feed Technology, Faculty of Animal Science, IPB University, Bogor 16680, Indonesia.
Anim Biosci. 2021 Sep;34(9):1499-1513. doi: 10.5713/ab.20.0668. Epub 2020 Dec 13.
The purpose of this meta-analysis was to evaluate the effect of dietary essential oils (EOs) on productive performance, nutrient digestibility, and serum metabolite profiles of broiler chickens and to compare their effectiveness as growth-promoting additives against antibiotics.
Peer-reviewed articles were retrieved from Web of Science, Science Direct, PubMed, and Google scholar and selected based on pre-determined criteria. A total of 41 articles containing 55 experiments with 163 treatment units were eligible for analyses. Data were subjected to a meta-analysis based on mixed model methodology considering the doses of EOs as fixed effects and the different studies as random effects.
Results showed a linear increase (p<0.001) on body weight gain (BWG) where Antibiotics (FCR) and average daily feed intake decreased (p<0.001) linearly with an increasing dose of EOs. Positive effects were observed on the increased (p<0.01) digestibility of dry matter, crude protein, ether extract, and cecal Lactobacillus while Escherichia coli (E. coli) population in the cecum decreased (p<0.001) linearly. There was a quadratic effect on the weight of gizzard (p<0.01), spleen (p<0.05), bursa of fabricius (p<0.001), and liver (p< 0.10) while carcass, abdominal fat, and pancreas increased (p<0.01) linearly. The dose of EOs linearly increased high density lipoprotein, glucose, protein, and globulin concentrations (p<0.01). In comparison to control and antibiotics, all type of EOs significantly reduced (p<0.001) FCR and tended to increase (p<0.1) BWG and final body weight. Cinnamaldehyde-compound was the only EOs type showing a tendency to increase (p<0.1) carcass weight, albumin, and protein of serum metabolites while this EOs together with EOs-Blend 1 decreased (p<0.01) E. coli population. Low density lipoprotein concentration decreased (p<0.05) with antibiotics and carvacrol-based compound when compared to the control group.
This evidence confirms that EOs are suitable to be used as growth promoters and their economical benefit appears to be promising.
本荟萃分析旨在评估日粮中添加精油（EOs）对肉鸡生产性能、养分消化率及血清代谢物谱的影响，并比较其作为生长促进剂与抗生素的有效性。
从Web of Science、Science Direct、PubMed和谷歌学术中检索同行评审文章，并根据预先确定的标准进行筛选。共有41篇文章包含55项实验，163个处理单元符合分析条件。数据采用混合模型方法进行荟萃分析，将精油剂量视为固定效应，不同研究视为随机效应。
结果显示，随着精油剂量增加，体重增加（BWG）呈线性增加（p<0.001），而料肉比（FCR）和平均日采食量呈线性下降（p<0.001）。观察到干物质、粗蛋白、粗脂肪和盲肠乳酸杆菌消化率增加（p<0.01）有积极作用，而盲肠中大肠杆菌数量呈线性下降（p<0.001）。对砂囊（p<0.01）、脾脏（p<0.05）、法氏囊（p<0.001）和肝脏（p < 0.10）重量有二次效应，而胴体、腹脂和胰腺呈线性增加（p<0.01）。精油剂量使高密度脂蛋白、葡萄糖、蛋白质和球蛋白浓度呈线性增加（p<0.01）。与对照组和抗生素相比，所有类型的精油均显著降低（p<0.001）料肉比，并倾向于增加（p<0.1）体重增加和终末体重。肉桂醛类化合物是唯一一种有增加胴体重量、血清代谢物白蛋白和蛋白质趋势（p<0.1）的精油类型，而该精油与混合精油1一起可降低（p<0.01）大肠杆菌数量。与对照组相比，抗生素和香芹酚类化合物可降低低密度脂蛋白浓度（p<0.05）。
该证据证实精油适合用作生长促进剂，其经济效益似乎很可观。
