Sun J H, Yang L L, Yang L, Xi B
Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University/Children Cardiovascular Research Center of Shandong University, Ji'nan 250012, China.
Zhonghua Yu Fang Yi Xue Za Zhi. 2020 Dec 6;54(12):1473-1477. doi: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112150-20200610-00856.
With the increase of overweight and obesity, elevated blood pressure (BP) in children and adolescents has been an important public health issue globally. Many studies have assessed the association between elevated BP and early cardiovascular damage in children and adolescents. A majority of these studies have highlighted the effects of elevated BP on cardiovascular damage, but with partly inconsistent findings. The studies of biological mechanisms played important roles in illuminating the potential mechanisms of cardiovascular damage caused by elevated BP. In addition, studies on the interventions, including losing weight and lowing BP were beneficial to reduce the occurrence of or reverse early cardiovascular damage. In this review, we reviewed articles on the association between elevated BP and early cardiovascular damage (including structural and functional damage of cardiac and vessels) in children and adolescents, underlying biological mechanisms, and the effectiveness of interventions to provide a reference for the prevention and intervention of early cardiovascular damage caused by elevated BP in children and adolescents and then reduce the occurrence of cardiovascular disease in adulthood.
随着超重和肥胖现象的增加，儿童和青少年高血压已成为全球重要的公共卫生问题。许多研究评估了儿童和青少年高血压与早期心血管损伤之间的关联。这些研究大多强调了高血压对心血管损伤的影响，但结果部分不一致。生物学机制的研究在阐明高血压导致心血管损伤的潜在机制方面发挥了重要作用。此外，包括减肥和降压在内的干预措施研究有助于减少早期心血管损伤的发生或逆转早期心血管损伤。在本综述中，我们回顾了关于儿童和青少年高血压与早期心血管损伤（包括心脏和血管的结构和功能损伤）之间的关联、潜在生物学机制以及干预措施有效性的文章，为预防和干预儿童和青少年高血压所致早期心血管损伤并进而降低成年期心血管疾病的发生提供参考。
