Bondareva Julia V, Evlashin Stanislav A, Lukin Oleg V
Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Bolshoy Boulevard 30, bld. 1, 121205 Moscow, Russia.
Life Chemicals Inc., 5 Murmanskaya St, 02660 Kiev, Ukraine.
Polymers (Basel). 2020 Dec 15;12(12):2987. doi: 10.3390/polym12122987.
There are more than 50 families of dendrimers, and some of which, such as polyamidoamine PAMAM, are well studied, and some are just starting to attract the attention of researchers. One promising type of dendrimers is sulfonimide-based dendrimers (SBDs). To date, SBDs are used in organic synthesis as starting reagents for the convergent synthesis of higher generations dendrimers, in materials science as alternative electrolyte solutions for fuel cells, and in medicinal chemistry as potential substances for drug transfer procedures. Despite the fact that most dendrimers are amorphous substances among the SBDs, several structures are distinguished that are prone to the formation of crystalline solids with melting points in the range of 120-250 °C. Similar to those of other dendrimers, the chemical and physical properties of SBDs depend on their outer shell, which is formed by functional groups. To date, SBDs decorated with end groups such as naphthyl, nitro, methyl, and methoxy have been successfully synthesized, and each of these groups gives the dendrimers specific properties. Analysis of the structure of SBD, their synthesis methods, and applications currently available in the literature reveals that these dendrimers have not yet been fully explored.
树枝状大分子有50多个家族，其中一些，如聚酰胺胺PAMAM，已得到充分研究，而另一些才刚刚开始引起研究人员的关注。一种有前景的树枝状大分子类型是基于磺酰亚胺的树枝状大分子（SBDs）。迄今为止，SBDs在有机合成中用作合成更高代树枝状大分子的起始试剂，在材料科学中用作燃料电池的替代电解质溶液，在药物化学中用作药物传递过程的潜在物质。尽管大多数树枝状大分子在SBDs中是非晶态物质，但已区分出几种易于形成熔点在120 - 250°C范围内的结晶固体的结构。与其他树枝状大分子类似，SBDs的化学和物理性质取决于其由官能团形成的外壳。迄今为止，已成功合成了用萘基、硝基、甲基和甲氧基等端基修饰的SBDs，并且这些基团中的每一个都赋予树枝状大分子特定的性质。对SBD的结构、其合成方法以及目前文献中可用的应用的分析表明，这些树枝状大分子尚未得到充分研究。
