Department of Biomedical Science and Public Health, Università Politecnica delle Marche, via Tronto 10/A, 6, 60121 Ancona, Italy.
Infection Control Unit, AOU Ospedali Riuniti di Ancona, via Conca, 60126 Torrette di Ancona, Italy.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020 Dec 15;17(24):9400. doi: 10.3390/ijerph17249400.
A combination of high infant immunization coverage and surveillance of acute flaccid paralysis (AFP) cases, plays a critical role in polio eradication. This study aimed to estimate the incidence of AFP, to evaluate the completeness of AFP ascertainment during the years, age groups and gender, and to define the main associated diagnosis among children aged under 15 in the Marches region of Italy. Analysis was performed on data from the active AFP surveillance system and the hospital discharge records in the 2006-2014 period. The two-source capture-recapture method was applied. After cross-validation, 30 AFP compatible conditions as defined by the WHO were identified, with an incidence estimate of 1.91 cases of AFP per 100,000 children under 15 years (95% CI = 1.4-2.6/100,000). Guillain-Barrè syndrome was the most common diagnosis. A significant difference ( < 0.05) has been registered in the estimated probability of case ascertainment in females. The reasons for the lower reporting of cases in females are unknown. Specific research and the implementation of a more sensitive surveillance system are essential in verifying potential inequalities and to succeed in the polio eradication initiative.
高婴儿免疫覆盖率和急性弛缓性麻痹 (AFP) 病例监测的结合，在消灭脊灰方面发挥着关键作用。本研究旨在评估 AFP 的发病率，评估多年来 AFP 确诊的完整性，以及确定意大利马尔凯地区 15 岁以下儿童的主要相关诊断。对 2006-2014 年主动 AFP 监测系统和医院出院记录的数据进行了分析。应用了双源捕获-再捕获方法。交叉验证后，确定了 30 种符合世卫组织定义的 AFP 相容条件，发病率估计为每 10 万名 15 岁以下儿童中有 1.91 例 AFP（95%CI=1.4-2.6/100,000）。格林-巴利综合征是最常见的诊断。在女性中，病例确诊概率的估计存在显著差异（<0.05）。女性病例报告率较低的原因尚不清楚。开展专门研究和实施更敏感的监测系统对于验证潜在的不平等现象以及在消灭脊灰倡议中取得成功至关重要。
