International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology (icipe), P.O. Box 30772-00100, Nairobi, Kenya.
Department of Zoology and Entomology, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X20, Hatfield, 0028, South Africa.
Sci Rep. 2020 Dec 17;10(1):22195. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-78898-8.
Endophytic fungi live within plant tissues without causing any harm to the host, promote its growth, and induce systemic resistance against pests and diseases. To mitigate the challenging concealed feeding behavior of immature stages of Tuta absoluta in both tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) and nightshade (Solanum scabrum) host plants, 15 fungal isolates were assessed for their endophytic and insecticidal properties. Twelve isolates were endophytic to both host plants with varied colonization rates. Host plants endophytically-colonized by Trichoderma asperellum M2RT4, Beauveria bassiana ICIPE 706 and Hypocrea lixii F3ST1 outperformed all the other isolates in reducing significantly the number of eggs laid, mines developed, pupae formed and adults emerged. Furthermore, the survival of exposed adults and F1 progeny was significantly reduced by Trichoderma sp. F2L41 and B. bassiana isolates ICIPE 35(4) and ICIPE 35(15) compared to other isolates. The results indicate that T. asperellum M2RT4, B. bassiana ICIPE 706 and H. lixii F3ST1 have high potential to be developed as endophytic-fungal-based biopesticide for the management of T. absoluta.
内生真菌生活在植物组织内，不会对宿主造成任何伤害，反而会促进其生长，并诱导宿主对病虫害产生系统抗性。为了减轻烟粉虱在番茄（Solanum lycopersicum）和龙葵（Solanum scabrum）两种寄主植物中未成熟阶段隐蔽取食的挑战性行为，评估了 15 种真菌分离物的内生和杀虫特性。其中 12 种分离物对两种寄主植物都具有内生特性，其定殖率也各不相同。内生定殖于番茄的哈茨木霉 M2RT4、球孢白僵菌 ICIPE 706 和栓菌 F3ST1 的宿主植物在显著减少产卵量、虫瘿发育、蛹形成和成虫出现方面优于其他所有分离物。此外，与其他分离物相比，木霉 F2L41 和球孢白僵菌 ICIPE 35(4) 和 ICIPE 35(15) 分离物显著降低了暴露成虫和 F1 后代的存活率。研究结果表明，哈茨木霉 M2RT4、球孢白僵菌 ICIPE 706 和栓菌 F3ST1 具有很大的潜力，可以开发为防治烟粉虱的内生真菌生物农药。
