Paradza Vongai M, Khamis Fathiya M, Yusuf Abdullahi A, Subramanian Sevgan, Ekesi Sunday, Akutse Komivi S
International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology (icipe), Nairobi, Kenya.
Department of Zoology and Entomology, University of Pretoria, Hatfield, South Africa.
Front Plant Sci. 2021 Nov 19;12:771534. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2021.771534. eCollection 2021.
In the scope of mitigating the negative impacts of pesticide use and managing greenhouse whiteflies, sustainably, 16 endophytic fungal isolates from five different genera (, , , , and ) were screened for their ability to colonise two preferred host plant species, namely, tomato ( L.) and French bean ( L.), through seed inoculation. Seven and nine isolates were endophytic to and , respectively, where significant differences in the endophytic colonisation rates were observed among the fungal isolates in and its plant parts, with a significant interaction between the isolates and plant parts in . F3ST1, M2RT4, F5S21, and KF2R41 successfully colonised all the plant parts of both hosts and therefore were selected and further evaluated for their endophytic persistence, effect on plant growth, and pathogenicity to . adults and F1 progeny. The four endophytes remained in both host plants for the 5-week assessment with varied colonisation rates related to the strong interaction with the time, isolates, and plant parts in both hosts. The effect of the same endophytes on the different host growth parameters varied in and , with M2RT4 not boosting the growth in both host plants while . F5S21 resulted in enhanced shoot biomass in . F5S21 and . KF2R41 inoculated plants and F3ST1, M2RT4, and . KF2R41 inoculated plants had significantly lower oviposition, while nymph development in both hosts was significantly prolonged in all the endophytically-colonised plants. The endophytes F3ST1 and M2RT4 significantly reduced the longevity/survival of the exposed adults and the progeny in both and . The findings demonstrate the attributes of the various endophytes in host plant growth promotion as well as their effects on the life-history parameters of and could consequently be developed as potential endophytic fungal-based biopesticides for the sustainable management of the pest in and cropping systems.
在减轻农药使用负面影响和可持续管理温室白粉虱的范围内，对来自五个不同属（、、、和）的16种内生真菌分离株进行了筛选，通过种子接种来评估它们在两种首选寄主植物物种（即番茄（L.）和菜豆（L.））上的定殖能力。分别有7种和9种分离株在番茄和菜豆中为内生菌，其中在番茄及其植物部位的真菌分离株之间观察到内生定殖率存在显著差异，在菜豆中分离株与植物部位之间存在显著相互作用。F3ST1、M2RT4、F5S21和KF2R41成功定殖了两种寄主的所有植物部位，因此被选中并进一步评估它们的内生持久性、对植物生长的影响以及对温室白粉虱成虫和F1后代的致病性。在为期5周的评估中，这四种内生菌在两种寄主植物中均有留存，定殖率各不相同，这与两种寄主中时间、分离株和植物部位之间的强烈相互作用有关。相同内生菌对不同寄主生长参数的影响在番茄和菜豆中有所不同，M2RT4在两种寄主植物中均未促进生长，而F5S21使菜豆的地上部生物量增加。接种F5S21和KF2R41的番茄植株以及接种F3ST1、M2RT4和KF2R41的菜豆植株的产卵量显著降低，而在所有内生定殖的植株中，两种寄主上若虫的发育均显著延长。内生菌F3ST1和M2RT4显著降低了暴露的温室白粉虱成虫及其后代在番茄和菜豆中的寿命/存活率。研究结果证明了各种内生菌在促进寄主植物生长方面的特性以及它们对温室白粉虱生活史参数的影响，因此可开发为基于内生真菌的潜在生物农药，用于番茄和菜豆种植系统中该害虫的可持续管理。
