Merlo Emanuele Maria, Stoian Anca Pantea, Motofei Ion G, Settineri Salvatore
Department of Cognitive Sciences, Psychology, Educational and Cultural Studies (COSPECS), University of Messina, Messina, Italy.
CRISCAT (International Research Center for Theoretical and Applied Cognitive Sciences), University of Messina and Universitary Consortium of Eastern Mediterranean, Noto (CUMO), Noto, Italy.
Front Psychol. 2020 Dec 1;11:607783. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.607783. eCollection 2020.
The health professionals are involved in the paths of care for patients with different medical conditions. Their life is frequently characterized by psychopathological outcomes so that it is possible to identify consistent burdens. Besides the possibility to develop pathological outcomes, some protective factors such as resilience play a fundamental role in facilitating the adaptation process and the management of maladaptive patterns. Personal characteristics and specific indexes such as burdens and resilience are essential variables useful to study in-depth ongoing conditions and possible interventions. The study was aimed at highlighting the presence and the relations among factors as personal variables, burdens, and resilience, to understand health professionals' specific structure and functions. The observation group was composed of 210 participants, 55 males (26.2%), and 155 females (73.8%), aged from 18 to 30 years old with a mean age of 25.92 years old ( = 3.33). The study considered personal characteristics of the subjects, such as age, gender, years of study, days of work per week, hours of work per week, and years of work. Our study had been conducted with the use of measures related to burdens (Caregivers Burden Inventory) and resilience (Resilience Scale for Adults). The performed analyses consisted of descriptive statistics, correlations, and regressions among the considered variables. Several significant correlations emerged among personal characteristics, CBI, and RSA variables. Specifically, age and work commitment indexes appeared to be significantly related to the development of burdens, differently from the years of study. Significant correlations emerged among personal and RSA variables, indicating precise directions for both domains. Age and gender were identified as predictors to perform multivariate regression analyses concerning CBI factors. Significant dependence relations emerged with reference to all CBI variables. Pathological outcomes and resilience factors represent two sides of the health professionals' experiences, also known as "invisible patients." Greater knowledge about present conditions and future possibilities is a well-known need in literature so that the current analyses considered fundamental factors. In line with state of the art, future studies are needed in order to deepen elusive phenomena underlying maladjustment.
医疗专业人员参与患有不同疾病患者的护理过程。他们的生活常常表现出精神病理学方面的结果，因此有可能识别出持续存在的负担。除了可能产生病理结果外，一些保护因素，如心理韧性，在促进适应过程和管理适应不良模式方面发挥着重要作用。个人特征以及诸如负担和心理韧性等特定指标是深入研究当前状况和可能干预措施的重要变量。该研究旨在突出个人变量、负担和心理韧性等因素的存在及其相互关系，以了解医疗专业人员的具体结构和功能。观察组由210名参与者组成，其中男性55名（26.2%），女性155名（73.8%），年龄在18至30岁之间，平均年龄为25.92岁（标准差 = 3.33）。该研究考虑了受试者的个人特征，如年龄、性别、学习年限、每周工作天数、每周工作小时数和工作年限。我们的研究使用了与负担（照顾者负担量表）和心理韧性（成人心理韧性量表）相关的测量方法。所进行的分析包括所考虑变量之间的描述性统计、相关性和回归分析。个人特征、照顾者负担量表和成人心理韧性量表变量之间出现了几个显著的相关性。具体而言，年龄和工作投入指标似乎与负担的形成显著相关，这与学习年限不同。个人变量和成人心理韧性量表变量之间出现了显著的相关性，为两个领域指明了确切方向。年龄和性别被确定为对照顾者负担量表因素进行多元回归分析的预测因素。所有照顾者负担量表变量都出现了显著的依赖关系。病理结果和心理韧性因素代表了医疗专业人员经历的两个方面，他们也被称为“隐形患者”。文献中普遍认为，更深入了解当前状况和未来可能性是必要的，因此当前的分析考虑了基本因素。与现有技术水平一致，需要开展进一步的研究以深入探究适应不良背后难以捉摸的现象。
