Cui Jiefen, Lian Yunhe, Zhao Chengying, Du Hengjun, Han Yanhui, Gao Wei, Xiao Hang, Zheng Jinkai
Inst. of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China.
Research and Development Dept., Chenguang Biotech Group Co., Ltd., Hebei, 057250, China.
Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf. 2019 Sep;18(5):1514-1532. doi: 10.1111/1541-4337.12489. Epub 2019 Aug 23.
Dietary fibers (DFs) regulate host health through various mechanisms related to their dietary sources, specific physicochemical structures, fermentability, and physiological properties in the gut. Considering the numerous types and sources of DFs and their different physicochemical and physiological properties, it is challenging yet important to establish the key mechanisms for the beneficial health effects of DFs. In this review, the types and structures of DFs from different fruits and vegetables were summarized and the effects of different processing methods on DF properties were discussed. Moreover, the impacts of DFs on gut microbial ecology, host physiology, and health were described. Understanding the complex interaction between different DFs and gut microbiota is vital for personalized nutrition. It is also important to comprehend factors influencing gut microbiota and strategies to regulate the microbiota, thereby augmenting beneficial health responses. The exploration of molecular mechanism linking DFs, gut microbiota, and host physiology may allow for the identification of effective targets to fight against major chronic diseases.
膳食纤维（DFs）通过与其膳食来源、特定物理化学结构、发酵性以及在肠道中的生理特性相关的各种机制来调节宿主健康。鉴于膳食纤维的种类繁多、来源各异，且具有不同的物理化学和生理特性，确立膳食纤维有益健康作用的关键机制具有挑战性但却十分重要。在本综述中，总结了不同水果和蔬菜中膳食纤维的类型和结构，并讨论了不同加工方法对膳食纤维特性的影响。此外，还描述了膳食纤维对肠道微生物生态、宿主生理和健康的影响。了解不同膳食纤维与肠道微生物群之间的复杂相互作用对于个性化营养至关重要。理解影响肠道微生物群的因素以及调节微生物群的策略，从而增强有益的健康反应也很重要。探索将膳食纤维、肠道微生物群和宿主生理联系起来的分子机制，可能有助于确定对抗主要慢性疾病的有效靶点。
