School of Environmental Studies, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, India.
Earth Observatory of Singapore, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore.
Arch Environ Occup Health. 2022;77(2):125-140. doi: 10.1080/19338244.2020.1860877. Epub 2020 Dec 18.
Construction activities have long been recognized as a pertinent source of PM though limited information exists regarding chemical characteristics of aerosols generated during building demolition/construction. A comprehensive investigation was carried out to assess the physical (SEM analysis) and chemical (ICP MS analysis) properties of PM in a building demolition and construction site and compared with background. Average concentrations of PM at both the sites exceeded the National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS). Overall trend of the total metal concentrations of PM followed the order of (Na, Ca, Al, Mg, Fe, Zn) > (Ti, Sr, Cd, Ba, Pb, V, Cr, Mn, Co, Ni, Cu) in both the sites. Sr, Ba, Mg, Zn, Ti, Cd, Al, Cr, Fe, Co, Mn, V, Ni, Ca, and Zn showed a ∼1.3-3.0 fold increase, and Pb showed the highest increase of almost >3.5 times when compared to the background concentrations. Health risk estimates based on the bio-available concentration of metals indicated that hazard quotient (HQ) values for non-carcinogenic metals were within the prescribed limit (HQ ≤ 1). However, the excess lifetime cancer risk (ELCR) for the carcinogenic metals Pb, Ni, Cd, and Cr(VI) were higher than the guideline limits of USEPA.
建筑活动一直被认为是 PM 的一个重要来源，尽管关于建筑拆除/施工过程中产生的气溶胶的化学特性的信息有限。进行了一项全面的调查，以评估建筑拆除和施工场地中 PM 的物理（SEM 分析）和化学特性（ICP-MS 分析），并与背景进行了比较。两个地点的 PM 平均浓度均超过了国家环境空气质量标准（NAAQS）。两个地点的 PM 中总金属浓度的总体趋势为 (Na, Ca, Al, Mg, Fe, Zn) > (Ti, Sr, Cd, Ba, Pb, V, Cr, Mn, Co, Ni, Cu)。Sr、Ba、Mg、Zn、Ti、Cd、Al、Cr、Fe、Co、Mn、V、Ni、Ca 和 Zn 的浓度比背景浓度增加了约 1.3-3.0 倍，而 Pb 的浓度增加了近 3.5 倍。基于金属生物可利用浓度的健康风险估计表明，非致癌金属的危害系数 (HQ) 值在规定范围内 (HQ ≤ 1)。然而，致癌金属 Pb、Ni、Cd 和 Cr(VI)的终生超额癌症风险 (ELCR)高于美国环保署的指导限值。
