McKee R H, Phillips R D, Traul K A
Exxon Biomedical Sciences, Inc., East Millstone, New Jersey 08873.
Cell Biol Toxicol. 1987 Dec;3(4):391-406. doi: 10.1007/BF00119912.
1,2-Dibromo-3-chloro-2-methylpropane (DBCMP) and 1,2,3-tribromo-2-methylpropane (TBMP) are contaminants formed during the manufacture of bromobutyl rubber. These chemicals are structurally similar to 1,2-dibromo-3-chloropropane (DBCP), a known genotoxin and rodent carcinogen. The present study compared the genotoxic properties of DBCMP and TBMP to those of DBCP. In the Salmonella assay, DBCP was positive in strains TA-98, TA-100 and TA-1535 in the presence of exogenous activation; DBCP was weakly active in TA-1535 in the absence of activation. Neither DBCMP nor TBMP produced reproducible evidence of mutagenic activity in the Salmonella assay despite the use of several different variations of this test. In the mouse lymphoma gene mutation assay, DBCP and TBMP were positive in the presence and absence of activation, while DBCMP was positive only in the absence of activation. All three test compounds were active in the Syrian hamster embryo morphologic transformation assay. The results indicated that both DBCMP and TBMP exhibited some genotoxic activity as did DBCP. The presence of the methyl group on the 2-carbon position essentially eliminated the mutagenicity of DBCMP and TBMP in the Salmonella assay.
1,2 - 二溴 - 3 - 氯 - 2 - 甲基丙烷（DBCMP）和1,2,3 - 三溴 - 2 - 甲基丙烷（TBMP）是在溴化丁基橡胶制造过程中形成的污染物。这些化学物质在结构上与1,2 - 二溴 - 3 - 氯丙烷（DBCP）相似，DBCP是一种已知的基因毒素和啮齿动物致癌物。本研究比较了DBCMP和TBMP与DBCP的遗传毒性特性。在沙门氏菌试验中，DBCP在存在外源性活化剂的情况下，在TA - 98、TA - 100和TA - 1535菌株中呈阳性；在没有活化剂的情况下，DBCP在TA - 1535中活性较弱。尽管使用了该试验的几种不同变体，但在沙门氏菌试验中，DBCMP和TBMP均未产生可重复的诱变活性证据。在小鼠淋巴瘤基因突变试验中，DBCP和TBMP在有和没有活化剂的情况下均呈阳性，而DBCMP仅在没有活化剂的情况下呈阳性。所有三种受试化合物在叙利亚仓鼠胚胎形态转化试验中均有活性。结果表明，DBCMP和TBMP均表现出一定的遗传毒性活性，DBCP也是如此。2 - 碳位置上甲基的存在基本上消除了DBCMP和TBMP在沙门氏菌试验中的诱变性。
