Human-Oriented Built Environment Lab, School of Architecture, Civil and Environmental Engineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.
International Centre for Indoor Environment and Energy, Department of Civil Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Lyngby, Denmark.
Environ Sci Technol. 2021 Jan 5;55(1):509-518. doi: 10.1021/acs.est.0c06304. Epub 2020 Dec 18.
Human emissions of fluorescent aerosol particles (FAPs) can influence the biological burden of indoor air. Yet, quantification of FAP emissions from human beings remains limited, along with a poor understanding of the underlying emission mechanisms. To reduce the knowledge gap, we characterized human emissions of size-segregated FAPs (1-10 μm) and total particles in a climate chamber with low-background particle levels. We probed the influence of several personal factors (clothing coverage and age) and environmental parameters (level of ozone, air temperature, and relative humidity) on particle emissions from human volunteers. A material-balance model showed that the mean emission rate ranged 5.3-16 × 10 fluorescent particles per person-h (0.30-1.2 mg per person-h), with a dominant size mode within 3-5 μm. Volunteers wearing long-sleeve shirts and pants produced 40% more FAPs relative to those wearing t-shirts and shorts. Particle emissions varied across the age groups: seniors (average age 70.5 years) generated 50% fewer FAPs compared to young adults (25.0 years) and teenagers (13.8 years). While we did not observe a measurable influence of ozone (0 vs 40 ppb) on human FAP emissions, there was a strong influence of relative humidity (34 vs 62%), with FAP emissions decreasing by 30-60% at higher humidity.
人类排放的荧光气溶胶颗粒（FAPs）会影响室内空气的生物负荷。然而，人类 FAP 排放的定量仍然有限，而且对潜在排放机制的了解也很差。为了缩小知识差距，我们在背景颗粒物水平较低的气候室内对大小分级的 FAPs（1-10μm）和总颗粒物的人类排放进行了特征描述。我们研究了几个个人因素（衣物覆盖范围和年龄）和环境参数（臭氧水平、空气温度和相对湿度）对人体志愿者颗粒排放的影响。物质平衡模型表明，平均排放率范围为 5.3-16×10 个荧光颗粒/人-h（0.30-1.2mg/人-h），主要粒径模式在 3-5μm 之间。穿着长袖衬衫和长裤的志愿者比穿着 t 恤和短裤的志愿者产生的 FAPs 多 40%。颗粒物排放因年龄组而异：老年人（平均年龄 70.5 岁）产生的 FAPs 比年轻人（25.0 岁）和青少年（13.8 岁）少 50%。虽然我们没有观察到臭氧（0 与 40ppb）对人类 FAP 排放有可衡量的影响，但相对湿度（34 与 62%）有很强的影响，在高湿度下 FAP 排放减少 30-60%。
