J Phys Act Health. 2021 Jan 1;18(1):29-36. doi: 10.1123/jpah.2019-0033. Epub 2020 Dec 18.
Recent physical activity research is limited by intention-behavior discordance and is beginning to recognize the importance of automatic processes in exercise. The purpose of the current study was to examine the role of multidimensional exercise self-efficacy (SE), explicit-implicit evaluative discrepancies (EIEDs) for health, and appearance on the intention-behavior gap in exercise.
A total of 141 middle-aged inactive participants (mean age = 46.12 [8.17] y) completed measures of intentions, SE, and explicit and implicit evaluations of exercise outcomes. The participants were classified as inclined actors (n = 107) if they successfully started the exercise program and inclined abstainers (n = 35) if they were not successful.
The inclined actors and abstainers did not differ on intentions to exercise; however, the inclined actors had higher coping SE and lower EIEDs for health. In addition, the coping SE (Exp [β] = 1.03) and EIEDs for health (Exp [β] = -0.405) were significant predictors of being an inclined actor.
The interaction between explicit and implicit processes in regard to health motives for exercise appears to influence the successful enactment of exercise from positive intentions. As most physical activity promotion strategies focus on health as a reason to be active, the role of implicit and explicit evaluations on behavioral decisions to exercise may inform future interventions.
最近的身体活动研究受到意图-行为不一致性的限制，并且开始认识到运动中自动过程的重要性。本研究的目的是检验多维运动自我效能感（SE）、健康和外表的显性-隐性评价差异（EIEDs）对运动意图-行为差距的作用。
共有 141 名中年不活跃参与者（平均年龄=46.12[8.17]岁）完成了意图、SE 以及对运动结果的显性和隐性评价的测量。如果参与者成功开始运动计划，则将其归类为倾向行动者（n=107）；如果他们不成功，则归类为倾向回避者（n=35）。
倾向行动者和回避者在运动意图上没有差异；然而，倾向行动者具有更高的应对 SE 和更低的健康 EIEDs。此外，应对 SE（Exp[β]=1.03）和健康的 EIEDs（Exp[β]=-0.405）是成为倾向行动者的显著预测因素。
关于健康运动动机的显性和隐性过程之间的相互作用似乎会影响从积极意图到成功实施运动的过程。由于大多数身体活动促进策略都将健康作为积极运动的原因，因此，显性和隐性评价对锻炼行为决策的作用可能为未来的干预措施提供信息。
