From the, Stem Cell Program and Divisions of Hematology/Oncology and Pulmonary & Respiratory Diseases, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA.
J Intern Med. 2021 May;289(5):629-635. doi: 10.1111/joim.13201. Epub 2020 Dec 19.
Lung Cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. This is mainly due to late diagnosis and therefore advanced stage of the disease. Understanding the cell of origin of cancer and the processes that lead to its transformation will allow for earlier diagnosis and more accurate prediction of tumour type, ultimately leading to better treatments and lower patient morbidity. In this review, we focus on alveolar type 2 (AT2) cells as the cell of origin of lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD), the most common type of lung cancer. We first elaborate on the different oncogenes that are associated with LUAD and other lung cancers. After, we lay out in detail what is known about AT2 biology, to further delve into AT2 cells as cell of origin for adenocarcinoma. Understanding the precursors of LUAD and identifying the molecular changes during its progression will allow for earlier detection and better molecular targeting of the disease in early stages.
肺癌是全球癌症相关死亡的主要原因。这主要是由于诊断较晚，因此疾病处于晚期。了解癌症的起源细胞以及导致其转化的过程，将能够实现更早的诊断和更准确地预测肿瘤类型，最终导致更好的治疗和降低患者发病率。在这篇综述中，我们重点关注肺泡 II 型 (AT2) 细胞作为肺腺癌 (LUAD) 的起源细胞，LUAD 是最常见的肺癌类型。我们首先详细阐述了与 LUAD 和其他肺癌相关的不同致癌基因。之后，我们详细介绍了已知的 AT2 生物学知识，以进一步深入探讨 AT2 细胞作为腺癌的起源细胞。了解 LUAD 的前体并确定其进展过程中的分子变化，将能够在早期阶段更早地发现疾病并更好地针对其分子靶点进行治疗。
