Department of Psycho-socio-educational Analysis and Intervention, Social Work and Social services area, Universidade de Vigo, Ourense, Spain.
Department of Psycho-socio-educational Analysis and Intervention, Behavioural science methodology area, Universidade de Vigo, Ourense, Spain.
Health Soc Care Community. 2022 May;30(3):949-956. doi: 10.1111/hsc.13256. Epub 2020 Dec 19.
The burnout syndrome has traditionally been identified in the service sector professions, among which is Social Work. In order to determine this syndrome, different measuring instruments have emerged, including the Maslach Burnout Inventory. The main objective of this study was to evaluate the psychometric properties of this instrument and to find evidence of its validity (corroborating the original factorial structure and its convergent validity) and reliability (internal consistency). The Spanish adapted version of the Maslach Burnout Inventory was used. Four hundred social workers participated, randomly divided into two samples of 200 individuals (Sample 1: M = 43.06, SD = 9.04 and Sample 2: M = 40.89, SD = 8.78). We carried out principal components exploratory factor analysis with Varimax rotation. The results identified a factorial structure with four factors (Emotional Exhaustion, Depersonalization, Personal Realization, and Interpersonal Psychological Stress) (χ /df = 1.73, CFI = 0.929, NNFI = 0.859, SRMR = 0.069, RMSEA = 0.061), different from that of the original questionnaire, which indicated three dimensions. The data also show a high internal consistency (α = 0.882). The four factors were directly and moderately associated with each other (r between 0.328 and 0.534). In conclusion, this study provides new data of a valid and reliable tool for evaluating professional burnout or exhaustion.
倦怠综合征传统上被认为存在于服务行业专业人员中，其中包括社会工作者。为了确定这种综合征，已经出现了不同的测量工具，包括 Maslach 倦怠量表。本研究的主要目的是评估该工具的心理测量学特性，并找到其有效性的证据（证实原始的因子结构及其收敛有效性）和可靠性（内部一致性）。使用了 Maslach 倦怠量表的西班牙改编版。共有 400 名社会工作者参与，随机分为两个 200 人的样本（样本 1：M=43.06，SD=9.04；样本 2：M=40.89，SD=8.78）。我们进行了主轴探索性因子分析，采用 Varimax 旋转。结果确定了一个具有四个因子的因子结构（情绪耗竭、去人性化、个人实现和人际心理压力）（χ/df=1.73，CFI=0.929，NNFI=0.859，SRMR=0.069，RMSEA=0.061），与原始问卷的三个维度不同。数据还显示出较高的内部一致性（α=0.882）。四个因子之间直接且中度相关（r 值在 0.328 和 0.534 之间）。总之，本研究为评估职业倦怠或精疲力竭的有效可靠工具提供了新的数据。
