Centre for Cardiovascular Investigations, Biomedical Sciences, University of Guelph, 50 Stone Road East, Guelph, Ontario, N1G2W1, Canada.
Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, The Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, St. Boniface Hospital Albrechtsen Research Centre, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada.
Curr Opin Pharmacol. 2021 Apr;57:60-70. doi: 10.1016/j.coph.2020.11.007. Epub 2020 Dec 16.
Circadian rhythms follow a 24 h day and night cycle, regulate vital physiological processes, and are especially relevant to cardiovascular growth, renewal, repair, and remodeling. A recent flurry of clinical and experimental studies reveals a profound circadian influence on immune responses in cardiovascular disease. The first section of this review summarizes the importance of circadian rhythms for cardiovascular health and disease. The second section introduces the circadian nature of inflammatory responses. The third section combines these to elucidate a new role for the circadian system, influencing inflammation in heart disease, especially myocardial infarction. Particular focus is on circadian regulation of the NACHT, LRR, and PYD domains-containing protein 3 inflammasome, neutrophils, monocytes/macrophages, and T cells involved in cardiac repair. A role for biological sex is noted. The final section explores circadian influences on inflammation in other major cardiovascular conditions. Circadian regulation of inflammation has profound implications for benefitting the diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of patients with cardiovascular disease.
昼夜节律遵循 24 小时的昼夜循环，调节重要的生理过程，与心血管生长、更新、修复和重塑尤其相关。最近大量的临床和实验研究揭示了昼夜节律对心血管疾病中免疫反应的深刻影响。本文综述的第一部分总结了昼夜节律对心血管健康和疾病的重要性。第二部分介绍了炎症反应的昼夜性质。第三部分将这两者结合起来，阐明了昼夜系统在心脏病，特别是心肌梗死中影响炎症的新作用。特别关注的是昼夜节律对 NACHT、LRR 和 PYD 结构域包含蛋白 3 炎症小体、中性粒细胞、单核细胞/巨噬细胞和参与心脏修复的 T 细胞的调节作用。注意到了生物学性别作用。最后一部分探讨了昼夜节律对其他主要心血管疾病中炎症的影响。炎症的昼夜节律调节对改善心血管疾病患者的诊断、治疗和预后具有深远意义。
