College of Tobacco Science, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650231, China.
Kunming Branch of Yunnan Tobacco Company, Kunming 650000, China.
Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. 2021 Feb;209:111797. doi: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.111797. Epub 2020 Dec 16.
This study evaluated the allelopathy, uptake and accumulation, and potential agricultural and food safety risks of nicotine in broad bean (Vicia faba L.) during seed germination and seedling growth. Nicotine stress has an allelopathic inhibitory effect on seeds and a hormesis effect on germinated seeds and seedlings, which has an enhancement effect (<50 mg kg) and an inhibition effect (>100 mg kg) on the germinated seeds and an enhancement effect (<100 mg kg) and an inhibition effect (>200 mg kg) on the seedlings. Exogenous nicotine can be absorbed by broad bean roots from nicotine-contaminated soil and accumulated in the main organs of the seedlings, especially the leaves, which exceeded the maximum residue level (0.03 mg kg DW) at 50 mg kg. Moreover, nicotine resulted in a bitter taste in the edible broad bean leaves, disrupting the balance of basic nutritional properties, decreasing sucrose, and increasing bitter substances such as choline and procyanidin. These results demonstrated that residual nicotine in the soil not only poses potential risks to sustainable agricultural development but also a food safety risk for consumers. The present study provides insight into the potential risks of nicotine in agroecosystems.
本研究评价了烟碱在宽叶菜豆（Vicia faba L.）种子萌发和幼苗生长过程中的化感作用、吸收和积累，以及对农业和食品安全的潜在风险。烟碱胁迫对种子具有化感抑制作用，对萌发种子和幼苗具有激素效应，对萌发种子具有增强作用（<50mg/kg）和抑制作用（>100mg/kg），对幼苗具有增强作用（<100mg/kg）和抑制作用（>200mg/kg）。外源烟碱可从受烟碱污染的土壤中被宽叶菜豆根部吸收，并积累在幼苗的主要器官中，特别是叶片，在 50mg/kg 时超过了最大残留限量（0.03mg/kg DW）。此外，烟碱导致食用宽叶菜豆叶片发苦，破坏了基本营养特性的平衡，使蔗糖减少，而使胆碱和原花青素等苦味物质增加。这些结果表明，土壤中的残留烟碱不仅对可持续农业发展构成潜在风险，而且对消费者的食品安全构成风险。本研究为认识农业生态系统中烟碱的潜在风险提供了依据。
