Xiaojie Shi, Yu Li, Lei Yan, Guang Yang, Min Qiang
Shanghai Institute for Advanced Immunochemical Studies (SIAIS), ShanghaiTech University, No. 393 Middle Huaxia Road, Pudong District, 201210, Shanghai, China.
Shanghai Institute for Advanced Immunochemical Studies (SIAIS), ShanghaiTech University, No. 393 Middle Huaxia Road, Pudong District, 201210, Shanghai, China.
Stem Cell Res. 2020 Dec 15;50:102125. doi: 10.1016/j.scr.2020.102125.
SARS-CoV-2 causing the worldwide pandemic has changed people's life in multiple aspects dramatically since it's first identified in Wuhan, China at the end of 2019. While the numbers of infected patients and death toll keep vigorous increasing, curbing the progression of the pandemic is an urgent goal. Efforts have been made to search for prophylactic and therapeutic approaches including neutralizing antibodies development. By reviewing dozens of studies on anti-spike antibodies identification, we concluded that (1) promising therapeutic antibodies are being fished out by various approaches, such as screening of single B cells of convalescent patients, recombinant antibody library and B cells of immunized animals; (2) the epitopes are mainly RBD, but also some non-RBD domains, without the requisite of overlapping with ACE2 binding sites; (3) Neutralizing antibodies are convergent to a few germline genes, including IGHV3-30, IGHV3-53, IGHV3-66, with varying levels of somatic mutations. This review summarizes the progress in neutralizing antibodies development and the germline enrichment of effective antibodies, which will shed light on COVID-19 treatment and vaccine design.
自2019年底在中国武汉首次发现以来，引发全球大流行的严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2（SARS-CoV-2）在多个方面极大地改变了人们的生活。随着感染患者数量和死亡人数持续急剧增加，遏制疫情的发展是一个紧迫目标。人们已努力寻找预防和治疗方法，包括开发中和抗体。通过回顾数十项关于抗刺突抗体鉴定的研究，我们得出以下结论：（1）通过各种方法正在筛选出有前景的治疗性抗体，如筛选康复患者的单个B细胞、重组抗体库以及免疫动物的B细胞；（2）表位主要是受体结合域（RBD），但也有一些非RBD结构域，无需与血管紧张素转换酶2（ACE2）结合位点重叠；（3）中和抗体汇聚到少数种系基因，包括IGHV3-30、IGHV3-53、IGHV3-66，体细胞突变水平各不相同。本综述总结了中和抗体开发以及有效抗体种系富集方面的进展，这将为2019冠状病毒病（COVID-19）的治疗和疫苗设计提供启示。
