Suwannaprom Puckwipa, Suttajit Siritree, Eakanunkul Suntara, Supapaan Teeraporn, Kessomboon Nusaraporn, Udomaksorn Khunjira, Sakulbumrungsil Rungpetch
PhD. Assistant professor. Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University. Chiang Mai (Thailand).
PhD. Associate professor. Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ubon Ratchathani University. Ubon Ratchathani (Thailand).
Pharm Pract (Granada). 2020 Oct-Dec;18(4):2141. doi: 10.18549/PharmPract.2020.4.2141. Epub 2020 Dec 4.
In Thailand, pharmacists are responsible for all activities to ensure access to medicines throughout pharmaceutical supply chain. Competency framework (CF) is an important guidance for professional development and workforce planning.
This study aimed to explore needs for pharmacy services in pharmaceutical supply chain and competencies of pharmacists to serve those needs. It was the first step for developing evidence-based pharmacy CF within the context of Thailand in 2026.
A qualitative method using in-depth interviews to gain rich data from practitioners and leaders in all area of practices. 99 key informants from 56 workplaces in Thailand were interviewed during January and March 2016. Data was transcribed verbatim, and thematic analysis was used. Competencies were extracted, followed by several rounds of group discussion among team members to develop an initial framework. The competencies and CF were presented, and recommendations were gained from professional leaders for refining the findings.
The key informants agreed that pharmacist's works and responsibilities have gradually been drifted to support changes in healthcare and pharmaceutical systems. The upcoming pharmaceutical services call for higher standards of practice, larger number of personnel, and skillful pharmacists who have strong foundation in pharmaceutical knowledge as well as an ability to integrate knowledge into practices. Two sets of CFs were established. The general CF comprises five core domains: product focus, patient focus, healthcare system focus, community focus, and personal focus for self-improvement. These general competencies allow practitioners to perform basic professional tasks, including providing information, dispensing, and compounding. The service-specific competency is the integration of general competencies tailored into specific area of practice.
Regarding the professional goal to evolve pharmacists from generalists to specialists for providing higher quality of professional services, the pharmacists are required to demonstrate general competencies and service-specific competencies. The findings serve as the need-based evidence for developing a national CF for pharmacists in Thailand.
在泰国，药剂师负责确保整个药品供应链中药物可及性的所有活动。能力框架（CF）是专业发展和劳动力规划的重要指南。
本研究旨在探索药品供应链中药房服务的需求以及药剂师满足这些需求的能力。这是在泰国背景下制定2026年循证药学CF的第一步。
采用定性方法，通过深入访谈从所有实践领域的从业者和领导者那里获取丰富数据。2016年1月至3月期间，对来自泰国56个工作场所的99名关键信息提供者进行了访谈。数据逐字转录，并采用主题分析法。提取能力，随后团队成员进行了几轮小组讨论以制定初始框架。展示了这些能力和CF，并从专业领导者那里获得了完善研究结果的建议。
关键信息提供者一致认为，药剂师的工作和职责已逐渐转向支持医疗保健和制药系统的变革。即将到来的药房服务要求更高的实践标准、更多的人员以及在药学知识方面有坚实基础且有能力将知识融入实践的熟练药剂师。建立了两套CF。通用CF包括五个核心领域：产品关注、患者关注、医疗保健系统关注、社区关注和自我提升的个人关注。这些通用能力使从业者能够执行基本的专业任务，包括提供信息、配药和调配。特定服务能力是将通用能力整合到特定实践领域。
关于将药剂师从通才转变为提供更高质量专业服务的专家的专业目标，要求药剂师展示通用能力和特定服务能力。这些发现为制定泰国药剂师国家CF提供了基于需求的证据。
