Kamara Dana, Beauchaine Theodore P
The Ohio State University, Department of Psychology, 1835 Neil Ave., Columbus, OH 43210.
Rev J Autism Dev Disord. 2020 Sep;7(3):278-294. doi: 10.1007/s40489-019-00193-8. Epub 2019 Dec 26.
Sleep problems are common among children with neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs). We review sleep disturbance in three major NDDs: autism spectrum disorder, Down syndrome, and fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD). We review associations with functional impairment, discuss how patterns of sleep disturbance inform understanding of etiology, and theorize about mechanisms of impairment. Sleep disturbance is a transdiagnostic feature of NDDs. Caregivers report high rates of sleep problems, including difficulty falling or staying asleep. Polysomnography data reveal differences in sleep architecture and increased rates of sleep disorders. Sleep disturbance is associated with functional impairment and stress among families. Further research is needed to elucidate mechanisms of impairment and develop more effective interventions. Despite significant sleep disturbance in FASD, limited research is available.
睡眠问题在患有神经发育障碍（NDDs）的儿童中很常见。我们综述了三种主要神经发育障碍中的睡眠障碍：自闭症谱系障碍、唐氏综合征和胎儿酒精谱系障碍（FASD）。我们综述了与功能损害的关联，讨论了睡眠障碍模式如何有助于理解病因，并对损害机制进行了理论探讨。睡眠障碍是神经发育障碍的一个跨诊断特征。照顾者报告睡眠问题发生率很高，包括入睡困难或难以保持睡眠状态。多导睡眠图数据显示睡眠结构存在差异，睡眠障碍发生率增加。睡眠障碍与功能损害以及家庭压力有关。需要进一步研究以阐明损害机制并开发更有效的干预措施。尽管胎儿酒精谱系障碍存在明显的睡眠障碍，但相关研究有限。
