Moa Ivar Fossland, Berntsen Sveinung, Lagestad Pål
Faculty of Education and Arts, Nord University, Levanger, Norway.
Department of Sport Science and Physical Education, University of Agder, Kristiansand, Norway.
Front Public Health. 2020 Dec 4;8:502307. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2020.502307. eCollection 2020.
Several studies indicate that participation in organized sport may result in higher physical activity levels among youth which are associated with high levels of cardiorespiratory fitness. However, no study has examined whether cardiorespiratory fitness (VO) is associated with drop out from sport. The study was a 5-year longitudinal study which followed a sample of adolescents, with measures of cardiorespiratory fitness, weight and height between the age of 14 and 19 yrs. Self-reported data about participation in sport, active commuting and physical activity level were also included. Through logistic regression analyses we found a positive association between cardiorespiratory fitness at the age of 14 years and participation in organized sport at the age of 19. However, no significant associations were found between physical activity (PA) level, overweight, gender and active commuting to school at the age of 14, and participation in organized sport at the age of 19. We argue that a high level of cardiorespiratory fitness may increase the probability for experiencing high levels of enjoyment, competence and performance in sport, because sport participation requires a certain level of cardiorespiratory fitness. The findings indicates the importance of removing barriers, and to increase access and design of sport programs of interest to youth in the contexts in which they live, attract adolescents with different levels of ambition and abilities in sport. Further studies should include longitudinal studies among young children, and their drop out patterns from sport during adolescence.
多项研究表明，参与有组织的体育运动可能会使青少年的身体活动水平提高，而这与高水平的心肺适能相关。然而，尚无研究考察心肺适能（VO）是否与退出体育运动有关。该研究是一项为期5年的纵向研究，跟踪了一组青少年样本，测量了他们在14至19岁之间的心肺适能、体重和身高。还纳入了关于参与体育运动、积极通勤和身体活动水平的自我报告数据。通过逻辑回归分析，我们发现14岁时的心肺适能与19岁时参与有组织的体育运动之间存在正相关。然而，在14岁时的身体活动（PA）水平、超重、性别和积极通勤与19岁时参与有组织的体育运动之间未发现显著关联。我们认为，高水平的心肺适能可能会增加在体育运动中体验到高度愉悦、能力和表现的可能性，因为参与体育运动需要一定水平的心肺适能。研究结果表明消除障碍的重要性，并增加青少年生活环境中他们感兴趣的体育项目的可及性和设计，吸引不同体育志向和能力水平的青少年。进一步的研究应包括对幼儿的纵向研究，以及他们在青春期退出体育运动的模式。
