School of Physical Education and Humanity, Nanjing Sport Institute, Nanjing, China.
Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
Front Public Health. 2022 Jul 22;10:873141. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.873141. eCollection 2022.
Numerous studies suggest a positive association between physical activity and physical fitness in schoolchildren. However, little is known about some neglected forms of physical activity and their associations with physical fitness. This study was conducted a self-reported questionnaire, owing to the COVID-19 pandemic in many regions in China.
This study explores the associations between participating in sports, muscle-strengthening exercises, and active commuting with self-reported physical fitness assessed by the International Fitness Scale (IFIS).
A total of 3,807 study participants (ages 11-17) from 12 public schools in South-eastern China were recruited, with 2,407 providing valid data on variables for analysis. Study participants were asked to self-report their sociodemographic factors (i.e., sex, grade, age), participation in sports (never, 1-3 times per month, 1-2 times per week, and 3 or more times per week), muscle-strengthening exercise (0-7 days) and active commuting (0-5 days). Generalized linear models were used to explore the associations between sports participation, muscle-strengthening exercise, and active commuting with self-reported physical fitness (comprising general physical fitness, cardiorespiratory fitness, muscular strength, speed and agility, and flexibility). A total of 2,407 children and adolescents with a mean age of 13.82 (±2.1) years were included in the study's final analysis.
The study found no significant association between active commuting and physical fitness. Regarding participating in sports and muscle-strengthening exercises, positive, significant associations were found, which showed that a higher frequency of participating in sports and more participation in muscle-strengthening exercises are associated with improved physical fitness.
This study offered evidence on the roles of some aspects of physical activity in physical fitness. To promote health in children and adolescents, they should be encouraged to participate in more sports and engage in muscle-strengthening exercises.
许多研究表明，儿童的身体活动与身体健康之间存在积极关联。然而，对于一些被忽视的身体活动形式及其与身体健康的关系，我们知之甚少。由于 COVID-19 疫情在我国许多地区的爆发，本研究采用了自我报告问卷的方式进行。
本研究旨在探讨参与体育运动、肌肉强化锻炼和积极通勤与国际健康量表（IFIS）评估的自我报告身体健康之间的关联。
共招募了来自中国东南部 12 所公立学校的 3807 名 11-17 岁的研究参与者，其中 2407 名提供了变量分析的有效数据。研究参与者被要求自我报告其社会人口因素（即性别、年级、年龄）、参与体育运动（从不、每月 1-3 次、每周 1-2 次、每周 3 次或更多次）、肌肉强化锻炼（0-7 天）和积极通勤（0-5 天）。使用广义线性模型探讨参与体育运动、肌肉强化锻炼和积极通勤与自我报告身体健康（包括一般身体健康、心肺健康、肌肉力量、速度和敏捷性以及柔韧性）之间的关联。最终分析共纳入 2407 名儿童和青少年，平均年龄为 13.82（±2.1）岁。
研究发现积极通勤与身体健康之间没有显著关联。关于参与体育运动和肌肉强化锻炼，研究发现存在积极且显著的关联，表明更高的运动参与频率和更多的肌肉强化锻炼参与与身体健康的改善相关。
本研究提供了一些身体活动方面对身体健康作用的证据。为了促进儿童和青少年的健康，应鼓励他们更多地参与体育运动和进行肌肉强化锻炼。
