Fujita Shimpei, Kusano Seiya, Sugiura Yusaku, Sakuraba Keishoku, Kubota Atsushi, Sakuma Kazuhiko, Suzuki Yoshio, Hayamizu Kohsuke, Aoki Yuma, Sugita Masaaki
College of Health and Welfare, J. F. Oberlin University, Tokyo, Japan.
Company Limited Accel, Tokyo, Japan.
Front Sports Act Living. 2019 Sep 24;1:32. doi: 10.3389/fspor.2019.00032. eCollection 2019.
One reason athletes train their trunk muscles is that the body's trunk stability has been shown to prevent injury. However, the relationship between body trunk muscle thickness, particularly that of deep muscles, and athletic performance remains to be clarified. We aimed to explore the relationship between 100-m sprint performance and the sizes of the trunk stabilizing muscles, the psoas major muscle (PM), transversus abdominis (TA), and multifidus muscle (MM), in collegiate sprinters. Fourteen male sprinters belonging to a university athletics club participated in this study. The thicknesses of the TA and MM were measured using an ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus (ProSound C3; Aloka, Tokyo, Japan). The cross-sectional area of the PM was assessed by a magnetic resonance imaging apparatus (Vantage Elan; Toshiba Medical Systems, Tokyo, Japan). The relationship between these anthropometric parameters and the 100-m sprint time was analyzed by Spearman's correlation coefficient, multi- regression analysis, and the change-point regression model. The sizes (mean ± SD) of the muscles were: PM, 43.074 ± 7.35 cm; TA, 4.36 ± 0.72 mm; and MM, 3.99 ± 0.48 cm. The mean 100-m sprint time was 11.00 ± 0.48 s. Spearman's correlation analysis revealed that the 100-m sprint time had a significant moderate negative correlation with TA (ρ = -0.691, < 0.01) and a low negative but not significant correlation with MM (ρ = -0.327, = 0.28), whereas PM did not show a significant or in-negligible correlation. The change-point regression model found the change-points in the 100-m sprint time and the thickness of the TA and MM at 4.70 mm (95% CI: 4.00-5.43 mm) and 3.84 cm (95% CI: 3.28-4.31 cm), respectively. The sprint time decreased with an increase in the thickness of the muscles up to the change-points, whereas it did not change even if the muscles became thicker than the change-points. The change-points were consistently observed when the thickness of the muscles was normalized by body mass. Sprint performance for 100-m was found to be associated with TA and MM thickness in a biphasic manner. As muscle thickness increased, the sprint time decreased, followed by a plateau phase.
运动员训练其躯干肌肉的一个原因是，已证明身体的躯干稳定性可预防损伤。然而，身体躯干肌肉厚度，尤其是深层肌肉的厚度与运动表现之间的关系仍有待阐明。我们旨在探讨大学生短跑运动员100米短跑成绩与躯干稳定肌、腰大肌（PM）、腹横肌（TA）和多裂肌（MM）大小之间的关系。14名隶属于大学田径俱乐部的男性短跑运动员参与了本研究。使用超声诊断仪（ProSound C3；日本东京阿洛卡公司）测量TA和MM的厚度。通过磁共振成像仪（Vantage Elan；日本东京东芝医疗系统公司）评估PM的横截面积。通过Spearman相关系数、多元回归分析和变点回归模型分析这些人体测量参数与100米短跑时间之间的关系。肌肉的大小（平均值±标准差）分别为：PM，43.074±7.35平方厘米；TA，4.36±0.72毫米；MM，3.99±0.48平方厘米。100米短跑的平均时间为11.00±0.48秒。Spearman相关分析显示，100米短跑时间与TA呈显著中度负相关（ρ = -0.691，P < 0.01），与MM呈低负相关但不显著（ρ = -0.327，P = 0.28），而PM未显示出显著或不可忽略的相关性。变点回归模型发现100米短跑时间以及TA和MM厚度的变点分别为4.70毫米（95%置信区间：4.00 - 5.43毫米）和3.84厘米（95%置信区间：3.28 - 4.31厘米）。在达到变点之前，短跑时间随着肌肉厚度的增加而减少，而即使肌肉厚度超过变点，短跑时间也不再变化。当肌肉厚度通过体重进行标准化时，始终能观察到变点。发现100米短跑成绩与TA和MM厚度呈双相关联。随着肌肉厚度增加，短跑时间减少，随后进入平台期。
