Hanley Brian, Williams Emily L
Carnegie School of Sport, Leeds Beckett University, Leeds, United Kingdom.
Front Sports Act Living. 2020 Mar 11;2:21. doi: 10.3389/fspor.2020.00021. eCollection 2020.
The presence of barriers in the steeplechase increases energy cost and makes successful pacing more difficult. This was the first study to analyze pacing profiles of successful (qualifiers for the final/Top 8 finalists) and unsuccessful (non-qualifiers/non-Top 8 finalists) Olympic steeplechasers across heats and finals, and to analyze differences between race sections (e.g., water jump vs. home straight). Finishing and section splits were collected for 77 men and 84 women competing at the 2008 and 2016 Olympic Games. Competitors were divided into groups based on finishing position (in both rounds analyzed). After a quick opening 228 m (no barriers), men who qualified for the final or finished in the Top 8 in the final had even paces for the first half with successive increases in speed in the last three laps; unsuccessful pacing profiles were more even. Successful women had mostly even paces for the whole race, and less successful athletes slowed after Lap 2. Women started the race relatively quicker than men, resulting in slower second half speeds. The best men completed most race sections at the same speed, but less successful men were slower during the water jump section, suggesting less technically proficiency. Similarly, women were slower during this section, possibly because its landing dimensions are the same as for men and have a greater effect on running speed. Coaches should note the different pacing profiles adopted by successful men and women steeplechasers, and the importance of technical hurdling skills at the water jump.
障碍赛中障碍物的存在增加了能量消耗，使成功的配速更加困难。这是第一项分析成功的（决赛资格获得者/前八名决赛选手）和不成功的（未获得资格者/非前八名决赛选手）奥运会障碍赛选手在预赛和决赛中的配速情况，以及分析不同赛段（如水坑障碍赛段与直道赛段）之间差异的研究。收集了参加2008年和2016年奥运会的77名男子和84名女子的完赛成绩和赛段分段成绩。根据完赛名次（在分析的两轮比赛中）将参赛者分为几组。在快速起跑的228米（无障碍物）之后，进入决赛或在决赛中获得前八名的男子在前半程配速均匀，在后三圈速度逐渐增加；不成功的配速情况则更为均匀。成功的女子在整个比赛中大多配速均匀，而不太成功的运动员在第二圈后速度减慢。女子起跑相对比男子快，导致后半程速度较慢。最优秀的男子在大多数赛段以相同速度完成比赛，但不太成功的男子在水坑障碍赛段速度较慢，这表明他们的技术熟练度较低。同样，女子在该赛段速度也较慢，可能是因为其着陆尺寸与男子相同，对跑步速度的影响更大。教练应注意成功的男子和女子障碍赛选手采用的不同配速情况，以及在水坑障碍赛段跨栏技术的重要性。
