Laaksonen Marko S, Andersson Erik, Jonsson Kårström Malin, Lindblom Hampus, McGawley Kerry
Department of Health Sciences, Swedish Winter Sports Research Centre, Mid Sweden University, Östersund, Sweden.
Front Sports Act Living. 2020 Aug 5;2:99. doi: 10.3389/fspor.2020.00099. eCollection 2020.
Skiing in biathlon is a high-intensity, intermittent endurance discipline. This study aimed to evaluate the relationships between laboratory-derived physiological variables and skiing performance during a field-based biathlon competition (BC) for female and male biathletes. Fourteen female (23 ± 3 year, O 56 ± 4 mL·kg·min) and 14 male (24 ± 4 year, O 66 ± 3 mL·kg·min) biathletes performed a submaximal incremental test and a maximal time-trial (TT) using treadmill roller-skiing for the assessment of oxygen uptake at a lactate threshold of 4 mmol·L ( O), gross efficiency (GE), aerobic (MR) and anaerobic (MR) metabolic rates, peak oxygen consumption ( O), anaerobic capacity and TT performance. Field-based skiing performance was assessed during a BC. The TT and BC skiing performances were significantly correlated in both sexes ( = 0.68-0.69, < 0.01). O (31/21%), anaerobic capacity (1/0%), and GE (35/32%) explained 67 and 52% of the variance in BC skiing performance for the females ( < 0.01) and males ( = 0.051), respectively. A second model showed that O (30/35%), anaerobic capacity (0/0%) and GE (37/13%) explained 67 and 48% of the variance in BC skiing performance for the females ( < 0.01) and males ( = 0.077), respectively. Results of this study suggest that a high O and GE, but not anaerobic capacity, are important for BC skiing performance, especially for females. In addition, a laboratory-based TT could be useful for regular laboratory testing of biathletes due to its relationship with field-based skiing performance in biathlon.
冬季两项中的滑雪是一项高强度、间歇性的耐力项目。本研究旨在评估在一项针对男女冬季两项运动员的实地冬季两项比赛（BC）中，实验室得出的生理变量与滑雪成绩之间的关系。14名女性（23±3岁，摄氧量56±4 mL·kg·min）和14名男性（24±4岁，摄氧量66±3 mL·kg·min）冬季两项运动员进行了次最大递增测试和最大计时赛（TT），使用跑步机滚轮滑雪来评估4 mmol·L乳酸阈值时的摄氧量（ O）、总效率（GE）、有氧代谢率（MR）和无氧代谢率（MR）、峰值耗氧量（ O）、无氧能力和TT成绩。在BC比赛期间评估实地滑雪成绩。男女的TT和BC滑雪成绩均显著相关（ = 0.68 - 0.69， < 0.01）。 O（31/21%）、无氧能力（1/0%）和GE（35/32%）分别解释了女性（ < 0.01）和男性（ = 0.051）BC滑雪成绩中67%和52%的方差。第二个模型显示， O（30/35%）、无氧能力（0/0%）和GE（37/13%）分别解释了女性（ < 0.01）和男性（ = 0.077）BC滑雪成绩中67%和48%的方差。本研究结果表明，高 O和GE，而非无氧能力，对BC滑雪成绩很重要，尤其是对女性。此外，基于实验室的TT因其与冬季两项实地滑雪成绩的关系，可能对冬季两项运动员的定期实验室测试有用。
