School of Psychology, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK.
School of Psychology and Clinical Language Sciences, University of Reading, Reading, UK.
Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2022 Apr;31(4):565-575. doi: 10.1007/s00787-020-01703-4. Epub 2020 Dec 21.
Anxiety disorders are the most common psychiatric disorder in children and young people. They can be prevented in those at risk, but families do not always take up opportunities to participate in prevention programmes. This qualitative study aimed to understand what families with children who were at prospective risk of anxiety disorders perceived to be the barriers to access to targeted anxiety prevention programmes, and to explore what would help facilitate access. We used Information Power to determine our sample size, and individually interviewed seven young people (14-17 years) who had anxiety disorders and their mothers, each of whom had pre-natal anxiety disorders. We transcribed all interviews and thematically analyzed them to identify perceived barriers and facilitators to targeted anxiety prevention programmes. Perceived potential barriers to access included possible negative consequences of anxiety prevention, difficulties in identifying anxiety as a problem and concerns about how professions would respond to raising concerns about anxiety. Possible facilitators included promoting awareness of anxiety prevention programmes and involvement of schools in promotion and delivery of prevention. Our findings illustrate that implementation of targeted anxiety prevention could be improved through (i) the provision of tools for parents to recognize anxiety in their children as a problem, (ii) promotion of awareness, as well as delivery, of anxiety prevention via schools and (iii) the involvement of parents and possibly adolescents in the intervention programme, but not younger children.
焦虑障碍是儿童和青少年中最常见的精神障碍。在有风险的人群中可以预防这些障碍，但有些家庭并没有抓住机会参与预防计划。本研究旨在了解那些有孩子存在焦虑障碍风险的家庭认为哪些因素会阻碍他们获得有针对性的焦虑预防计划，并探讨哪些因素可以帮助他们获得预防计划。我们使用信息动力法来确定我们的样本量，并对 7 名（14-17 岁）患有焦虑障碍的年轻人及其母亲进行了个体访谈，每位母亲在产前都患有焦虑障碍。我们对所有访谈进行了转录，并对其进行了主题分析，以确定有针对性的焦虑预防计划的障碍和促进因素。获得有针对性的焦虑预防计划的潜在障碍包括预防焦虑可能带来的负面后果、识别焦虑作为问题的困难以及对专业人员对焦虑问题的反应的担忧。可能的促进因素包括提高对焦虑预防计划的认识，以及通过学校促进和提供预防措施。我们的研究结果表明，通过以下方式可以改善有针对性的焦虑预防计划的实施：（i）为父母提供识别孩子焦虑问题的工具，（ii）通过学校提高对焦虑预防的认识以及提供预防措施，以及（iii）让父母和可能的青少年参与干预计划，但不包括年幼的孩子。
