School of Psychology and Clinical Language Sciences, University of Reading, Reading, RG6 6AL, UK.
The Oxford Institute of Clinical Psychology Training and Research, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7JX, UK.
Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2022 Jun;31(6):891-907. doi: 10.1007/s00787-020-01707-0. Epub 2021 Jan 27.
Anxiety and depressive disorders are the most common mental health disorders in adolescents, yet only a minority of young people with these disorders access professional help. This study aims to address this treatment gap by improving our understanding of barriers and facilitators to seeking/accessing professional help as perceived by adolescents with anxiety/depressive disorders identified in the community. Twenty-two adolescents, aged 11-17 years, who met diagnostic criteria for a current anxiety and/or depressive disorder were identified through school-based screening. In-depth qualitative interviews were conducted one-to-one with each adolescent and adolescents' parents were interviewed separately for the purpose of data triangulation. Data were analysed using reflexive thematic analysis. We identified four themes capturing adolescent perceived barriers and facilitators to seeking/accessing professional help for anxiety and depressive disorders: (1) making sense of difficulties, (2) problem disclosure, (3) ambivalence to seeking help, and (4) the instrumental role of others. Barriers/facilitators identified within each theme reflect important developmental characteristics of adolescence, such as a growing need for autonomy and concerns around negative social evaluation. At the same time, the results highlight adolescents' dependency on other people, mainly their parents and school staff, when it comes to successfully accessing professional help for their mental health difficulties. This study identifies a number of barriers/facilitators that influence help-seeking behaviour of adolescents with anxiety and/or depressive disorders. These factors need to be addressed when targeting treatment utilisation rates in this particular group of young people.
焦虑和抑郁障碍是青少年中最常见的心理健康障碍,但只有少数患有这些障碍的年轻人获得专业帮助。本研究旨在通过了解社区中识别出的患有焦虑/抑郁障碍的青少年对寻求/获得专业帮助的障碍和促进因素的看法,来解决这一治疗差距。通过基于学校的筛查,确定了 22 名年龄在 11-17 岁之间、目前符合焦虑和/或抑郁障碍诊断标准的青少年。对每个青少年进行了一对一的深入定性访谈,并单独对青少年的父母进行了访谈,以进行数据三角剖分。使用反思性主题分析对数据进行分析。我们确定了四个主题,这些主题捕捉到青少年对寻求/获得焦虑和抑郁障碍专业帮助的障碍和促进因素:(1)理解困难,(2)问题披露,(3)寻求帮助的矛盾心理,以及(4)他人的工具性作用。每个主题中确定的障碍/促进因素反映了青春期的重要发展特征,例如对自主性的日益增长的需求以及对负面社会评价的担忧。同时,研究结果强调了青少年对他人的依赖,主要是对父母和学校工作人员的依赖,当涉及到成功寻求他们的心理健康问题的专业帮助时。本研究确定了一些影响青少年焦虑和/或抑郁障碍患者寻求帮助行为的障碍/促进因素。在针对这一特定青少年群体的治疗利用率时,需要考虑这些因素。
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