Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Bangkok, Thailand.
Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.
Matern Child Nutr. 2020 Dec;16 Suppl 3(Suppl 3):e13008. doi: 10.1111/mcn.13008.
Achieving Sustainable Development Goal 2: 'Zero Hunger'-eradicating all forms of hunger and malnutrition-is a major challenge in many developing countries. To be successful, agriculture and food policies need to target both production and consumption. Conventional agri-food systems in developing countries could become more sustainable through agricultural diversification. In Asia, over-reliance on a few staple crops is a leading cause of low dietary diversity and persistent malnutrition. Promising neglected and underutilized species (NUS) that are nutrient dense, climate resilient, economically viable, and locally available or adaptable have been prioritized as Future Smart Food (FSF) and have a central role to play in the fight against hunger and malnutrition. An enabling environment for agriculture diversification with a food system approach-to promote sustainable production, processing and consumption of FSF-is essential for achieving Zero Hunger. This article (a) provides the context of hunger and malnutrition and highlights the features and gaps in current agriculture and food systems, (b) demonstrates the multidimensional benefits of FSF as an effective means to bridge production and nutrition gaps to address Zero Hunger and (c) offers a holistic food systems approach that promotes sustainable production, processing and consumption of FSF as a key element for achieving Zero Hunger.
实现可持续发展目标 2：“零饥饿”——消除所有形式的饥饿和营养不良——是许多发展中国家面临的重大挑战。要想取得成功，农业和粮食政策需要兼顾生产和消费。发展中国家的传统农业食品体系可以通过农业多样化变得更加可持续。在亚洲，过度依赖少数几种主食是导致饮食多样性低和持续营养不良的主要原因。具有高营养、气候适应力强、经济上可行、当地可得或可适应等特点的被忽视和利用不足的物种（NUS）已被优先作为未来智能食品（FSF），并在抗击饥饿和营养不良方面发挥着核心作用。采取农业多样化的有利环境和粮食系统方法——促进 FSF 的可持续生产、加工和消费——对于实现零饥饿至关重要。本文（a）提供了饥饿和营养不良的背景，强调了当前农业和粮食系统的特点和差距，（b）展示了 FSF 的多维效益，将其作为弥合生产和营养差距以实现零饥饿的有效手段，（c）提供了一个整体的粮食系统方法，促进 FSF 的可持续生产、加工和消费，是实现零饥饿的关键要素。
