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Eur J Pharmacol. 2021 Feb 15;893:173819. doi: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2020.173819. Epub 2020 Dec 29.
5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) is the first-line chemotherapy drug for colorectal cancer but most of the patients get resistant to the drug on a longer course of treatment. After the successful use of immunotherapy in melanoma treatment, it was explored with enthusiasm in different types of solid cancers including colorectal cancer. Nivolumab and pembrolizumab (Programmed cell death-1 blocking antibodies) have shown efficacy in the mismatch repair deficient high microsatellite instability (dMMR-MSI-H) subtype of metastatic colorectal cancer (CRC) patients. Immunotherapy has shown long time remission in a subset of metastatic CRC patients. The molecular mechanism and emerging roles of immunotherapy in colorectal cancer are explored in this review article and future directions for the proper utilization of the development in immunobiology are suggested.
5-氟尿嘧啶（5-FU）是结直肠癌的一线化疗药物，但大多数患者在长期治疗过程中会对该药物产生耐药性。免疫疗法在黑色素瘤治疗中取得成功后，人们积极探索其在包括结直肠癌在内的不同类型实体瘤中的应用。纳武单抗和派姆单抗（程序性细胞死亡受体-1 阻断抗体）已在错配修复缺陷高微卫星不稳定（dMMR-MSI-H）型转移性结直肠癌（CRC）患者中显示出疗效。免疫疗法在一部分转移性 CRC 患者中显示出了长时间的缓解。本文综述了免疫疗法在结直肠癌中的分子机制和新作用，并对免疫生物学发展的合理应用提出了未来的方向。
