Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
Rev Bras Ginecol Obstet. 2020 Dec;42(12):787-792. doi: 10.1055/s-0040-1718951. Epub 2020 Dec 21.
Urinay incontinence (UI) is a major public health problem that can harm women in any period of life, including during the gestational period. Urinary incontinence during pregnancy has been studied because this condition can reduce the quality of life and interfere in several aspects of the maternal-fetal binomial. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of UI in nullipara pregnant women and to identify risk factors associated with UI in this population.
This is a case-control study in which we invited nullipara women between 12 and 20 weeks of pregnancy to participate in the research. They were asked to answer a specific questionnaire, write a 3-day bladder diary, and undergo a urogynecological evaluation including pelvic organ prolapse quantification (POP-Q), empty stress supine test (ESST), and pelvic floor muscle assessment.
A total of 70 out of 73 patients accepted to participate in the study, and the prevalence of UI in this population was 18.3%. Tobacco use was identified as an independent risk factor for UI in pregnant women (odds ratio 8.0). All other factors analyzed were not significantly associated to UI in pregnancy.
Urinary incontinence can be a major problem in pregnancy. We identified the use of tobacco as a risk factor for developing UI in pregnancy, which provides an extra reason to encourage patients to quit smoking.
尿失禁（UI）是一个主要的公共卫生问题，可能会影响任何年龄段的女性，包括妊娠期的女性。妊娠期尿失禁已经得到了研究，因为这种情况会降低生活质量，并影响母婴二人组的几个方面。本研究的目的是确定初产妇中 UI 的患病率，并确定与该人群中 UI 相关的危险因素。
这是一项病例对照研究，我们邀请了 12 至 20 周妊娠的初产妇参加研究。他们被要求回答一个特定的问卷，写三天的膀胱日记，并进行尿妇科评估，包括盆腔器官脱垂定量（POP-Q）、仰卧位压力排空试验（ESST）和盆底肌肉评估。
共有 73 名患者中的 70 名接受了参与研究的邀请，该人群中 UI 的患病率为 18.3%。吸烟被确定为孕妇 UI 的独立危险因素（优势比 8.0）。分析的所有其他因素与妊娠期间的 UI 均无显著相关性。
尿失禁在妊娠期间可能是一个主要问题。我们确定了吸烟是孕妇发生 UI 的一个危险因素，这为鼓励患者戒烟提供了一个额外的理由。
